diff options
author | Junaedi Kartawijaya <jkartawijaya> | 2001-10-23 10:02:50 +0000 |
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committer | Junaedi Kartawijaya <jkartawijaya> | 2001-10-23 10:02:50 +0000 |
commit | ef260bc308c0b1edbb88fd3f35d883e47bd622a1 (patch) | |
tree | cd02bc044661e255f5c4fcbe23a6e56aff0b7aa4 /indonesian/intro | |
parent | ecfbdc098028dcd158852a92c702261ac3497a0a (diff) |
added first time
CVS version numbers
indonesian/News/press/1997.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/press/1998.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/press/1999.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/press/2000.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/press/index.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/weekly/contributing.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/weekly/index.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/News/weekly/oldurl.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/intro/index.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/intro/license_disc.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
indonesian/intro/search.wml: INITIAL -> 1.1
Diffstat (limited to 'indonesian/intro')
-rw-r--r-- | indonesian/intro/index.wml | 18 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | indonesian/intro/license_disc.wml | 135 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | indonesian/intro/search.wml | 53 |
3 files changed, 206 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/indonesian/intro/index.wml b/indonesian/intro/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c2913c05b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/indonesian/intro/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Introduction to Debian" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="1.3" + +<p><a href="about">Tentang Debian</a>. + +<p><a href="free">Apa artinya <em>Free</em>?</a>. + +# <p><a href="license_disc">Perbandingan Antar Lisensi Perangkat Lunak</a>. + +<p><a href="why_debian">Alasan Memilih Debian</a>. + +# <p><a href="cooperation">Cooperation with the FSF</a>. + +<p><a href="organization">Struktur Organisasi Debian</a>. + +<p><a href="search">Informasi Untuk Menggunakan Mesin Pencari</a>. + +<p><a href="cn">Halaman-halaman Situs Web Tersedia Dalam Berbagai Bahasa</a>. diff --git a/indonesian/intro/license_disc.wml b/indonesian/intro/license_disc.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76b0bf9e052 --- /dev/null +++ b/indonesian/intro/license_disc.wml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Comparison of Software Licenses" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="1.10" + +<p><strong>******Dokumen ini sedang dalam pengembangan*******</strong> + +<p>People who have been around Open Software tend to develop very strong +opinions about licenses. Beginners don't worry about them as much +since they are more concerned with finishing the task at hand and +don't understand the long term implications of choosing software with +one license over another (it is doubtful that there +many people who understand the nuances of licensing that don't have +strong opinions on the matter). + +<p>Over the years a number of licenses have gained prominence as they +give software authors the type of control over their creations that +most developers desire. It is still common to find software that has +no copyright visible or contains a unique license developer by the +author. The last can be quite annoying to distributors of software +(both on-line and people who create CDs) as many of these licenses +contain <a href="#mistakes">common mistakes</a> which make the software +difficult to distribute. + +<p>What follows is a list of common Free (Open) software licenses and +some good and bad points of each. +Only the points in the license relevant to the discussion are shown. +Also, many points are listed under the heading "GOOD/BAD". +These are points that can be either good or bad, depending on your point of +view. + +<ul> +<li>The <a href="http://www.gnu.org/">GNU General Public License (GPL)</a>. + + <br> + <b>Sekilas:</b> source code must be made available; software may be + sold; derived works must use the same license + + <br> + <b>Kebaikan:</b> There is good reason this is the most used license for + Free (Open) software. It does a good job of protecting the rights of + software developers and the availability of source code guarantees that + users won't have to worry about losing support in the future. + + <br> + <b>Kebaikan/Keburukan:</b> Software released using the GPL can not be + incorporated into commercial software. Whether this is actually a bad thing + depends on your point of view. People developing commercial software often + feel frustrated when there is a solution available that can't be used because + of conflicts in licensing. Of course, there is nothing stopping them from + contacting the author and seeing if they can buy a version using a different + license. Most people who release software using the GPL do not consider these + restrictions bad, because it allows others to use and improve the software + while it prevents (for all practical purposes) others from making money off + of their hard work without his permission. + +<li>Lisensi Artistik + <a href="http://language.perl.com/misc/Artistic.html">http://language.perl.com/misc/Artistic.html</a>. + + <br> + <b>Sekilas:</b> + + <br> + <b>Kebaikan:</b> + + <br> + <b>Keburukan:</b> + +<li><a href="../misc/bsd.license">Lisensi gaya BSD</a>. + + <br> + <b>Sekilas:</b> Binaries and source code must contain the license; + advertising must acknowledge the developers listed in the license + + <br> + <b>Kebaikan/Keburukan:</b> Companies that want an executable to be generally + available (possibly for free) without releasing the source code often like + this license. A good example is a company that wants to release a driver + for a graphics card. Open Source advocates would prefer that the company + release hardware specifications anyway. If the development of drivers for + XFree86 is indicative, the best drivers are those written with source + available. Companies are only making their products look bad by releasing + proprietary drivers that are slow and buggy. They can also save development + costs by letting others develop the driver for them. + + <br> + <b>Kebaikan/Keburukan:</b> Anyone may take the source, modify it, and release + the result without releasing the changes. Whether you think this is good or + bad is a personal preference. + +</ul> + +<hr> + +<p><a name="mistakes">Some common mistakes in self-written licenses</a>: + +<ul> + + <li>Either not allowing, or restricting for-profit sale of the software. + This makes it difficult to distribute the software on CD. People often make + the mistake of using terms that are not well defined, such as 'reasonable + cost'. It is better to simply use one of the licenses mentioned above as + they accomplish the same thing without resorting to such phrases. For + example, by allowing anyone to distribute the software, the GPL keeps the + costs down by the usual market forces. If someone is selling a CD with a + high profit margin it won't be long before competitors enter the market and + sell for a lower price. + + <br>Note: the Artistic License does use the term `Reasonable copying fee', + but qualifies the term in an attempt to make it less vague. + + <li>Not allowing distribution of modified versions of the software. This + hinders distribution of the software by certain groups. For example, since + Debian distributes compiled software, it is often necessary to modify the + source to get it to compile or to make it comply with the + <a href="ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/docs/linux-standards/fsstnd/">FSSTND</a>. + But by doing this, we are then not allowed to distribute it. + + <li>Requiring that all changes to the software be reported to the author. + While it is a good idea to report changes/improvements to the author so they + can be more widely distributed, making it a requirement can cause problems. + How many people know where they will be in 5 years? Simply change it to + 'Any changes to the software should be reported to the author'. Most people + will. + + <br>This clause is usually included to prevent branch projects from + developing. History has shown that, as long as development on the original + code doesn't stall, branches will only succeed if some other force drives + the split. + + <li>Stating that the software is public domain, but then adding constraints + (such as not allowing sale for profit). Either something is public domain or + it isn't - there is no middle ground. Such licenses are meaningless and it is + likely that the extra conditions would not be upheld in court. + +</ul> + diff --git a/indonesian/intro/search.wml b/indonesian/intro/search.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de10d20a30b --- /dev/null +++ b/indonesian/intro/search.wml @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Information on how to use the Debian search engine" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="1.6" + +<p>Mesin pencarian Debian yang ada di +<a href="http://search.debian.org/">http://search.debian.org/</a> dapat +digunakan untuk beberapa tipe pencarian yang berbeda, tergantung kebutuhan +anda. + +<h3>Pencarian Sederhana</h3> + +<p>Cara termudah adalah dengan mengisikan sebuah kata pada kotak pencarian, +lalu menekan enter (atau klik pada tombol <em>Cari</em>). Mesin pencarian akan +memberikan semua halaman web pada situs yang mengandung kata tersebut. + +<p>Satu tingkat di atasnya adalah pencarian dengan menggunakan lebih dari +satu kata. Pilihan anda adalah: +<dl compact> +<dt><em>pencarian halaman mengandung semua kata</em> + <dd>menghasilkan halaman-halaman yang mengandung semua kata yang anda ketik. +<dt><em>pencarian halaman yang mengandung apa pun kata yang diketik</em> + <dd>menghasilkan halaman-halaman yang mengandung apa pun kata yang anda + ketik. +</dl> + +<h3>Pencarian Menggunakan Boolean</h3> + +<p>Jika pencarian sederhana tidak mencukupi, mungkin +<a href="http://www.foldoc.org/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=boolean">boolean</a> +dapat memenuhi kebutuhan anda. Anda dapat menggunakan <em>and</em> (= dan), +<em>or</em> (= atau), <em>not</em> (= bukan) dan kombinasi dari ketiganya. + +<p><b>& - logika DAN </b> akan memberikan hasil yang mengandung +kedua kata yang disediakan. Contoh "gcc & patch" akan mencari URL-URL yang +mengandung kata "gcc" dan "patch". + +<p><b>| - logika ATAU</b> akan memberikan hasil yang mengandung salah satu +maupun kedua kata yang disediakan. Contoh "gcc | patch" akan mencari URL-URL +yang mengandung kata "gcc" ataupun "patch". + +<p><b>~ - logika BUKAN</b> menyaring sebuah kata dari hasil pencarian. Biasanya +digunakan bersamaan dengan logika DAN ( & ) untuk membuang sebagian +hasil pencarian. Contoh, "gcc & ~patch" akan mencari URL-URL yang mengandung +kata "gcc" dan tidak mengandung kata "patch". Hanya dengan menuliskan "~patch" +tidak akan memberikan hasil apa-apa. Karena, pertama, anda tidak mencari +sesuatu apapun, sehingga tidak memberikan hasil apa-apa. Lalu, pada daftar +kosong tersebut anda mencoba membuang halaman yang mengandung kata "patch", +yang tentu saja tidak menghasilkan apa-apa. + + +<p><b>() - pengelompokan</b> menambah kompleksitas di mana anda dapat +mengelompokan kumpulan logika-logika secara bersamaan. Contoh "(gcc | make) +& ~patch" akan mencari semua URL yang mengandung salah satu dari kata "gcc" +dan "make" atau keduanya tetapi tidak mengandung kata "patch". |