diff options
| author | galaxico <galaxico@quteity.cti> | 2019-07-27 17:31:01 +0300 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | galaxico <galaxico@quteity.cti> | 2019-07-27 17:31:01 +0300 |
| commit | d1faaff4691ce303281aef03d4cd89f53a855b5d (patch) | |
| tree | 8097dd5945647c26d798666e6b3edfef93275954 /greek/CD | |
| parent | a4b1a79838b5e9dae7d6fef4ea3882c245e3421a (diff) | |
additions to Greek translations
Diffstat (limited to 'greek/CD')
30 files changed, 2943 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/greek/CD/Makefile b/greek/CD/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/artwork/Makefile b/greek/CD/artwork/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/artwork/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/artwork/index.wml b/greek/CD/artwork/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46ed4eca962 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/artwork/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Artwork for Debian CDs" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="1d3dc07e358a1ba49379e4dbe5779f641318bfff" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>Official artwork for current and recent releases may be available on the +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes">themes</a> wiki page. + +<p>If you have made your own images for CD covers and want to share +them with us, <a +href="mailto:debian-cd@lists.debian.org" +>please tell us</a>! The Debian logo is also <a +href="$(HOME)/logos/">available in various forms</a>.</p> + +<p>Note that the thumbnails are just a selection of the graphics +on offer. Follow the links to see all graphics.</p> + +<ul> +# ============================================================ +# +# <li><a href="http://www.onkelchentobi.de/cover.html">\ +# http://www.onkelchentobi.de/cover.html</a><br /> +# +# <a href="http://www.onkelchentobi.de/cover/008.png.tar.gz"><img +# src="onkelchentobi.de-dvdcase.jpeg" alt="[DVD case]" /></a> +# +# <a href="http://www.onkelchentobi.de/label/004.png.tar.gz"><img +# src="onkelchentobi.de-dvd.jpeg" alt="[DVD label]" /></a> +# +# </li> +# ============================================================ + + <li><a href="https://ulrich-hansen.de/debian/">https://ulrich-hansen.de/debian/</a> + (editable Gimp XCF + SVG):<br /> + + <a href="https://ulrich-hansen.de/debian/"><img src="ulrich-hansen.de-squeeze-cd.png" alt="[CD]"></a> + <a href="https://ulrich-hansen.de/debian/"><img src="ulrich-hansen.de-squeeze-dvd.png" alt="[DVD]"></a> + </li> + +# ============================================================ + + <li><a href="http://debian.semistable.com/cdcover.pl">\ + http://debian.semistable.com/cdcover.pl</a> + (editable, dynamically generated PostScript):<br /> + + <a href="http://debian.semistable.com/cdcover.pl"><img + src="semistable.com-cdcover.jpeg" alt="[Cover]"></a> + </li> + +# ============================================================ + + <li><a href="http://briscoe-smith.org.uk/charles/debian-cd-label.html">\ + http://briscoe-smith.org.uk/charles/debian-cd-label.html</a> + (editable PostScript file):<br /> + + <a href="http://briscoe-smith.org.uk/charles/cd-label.ps"><img + src="briscoe-smith.org.uk-cd-label.jpeg" alt="[Label]"></a> + </li> +# ============================================================ + + <li><url "http://odin.himinbi.org/covers/" /> + (editable, dynamically generated SVG):<br /> + + <a href="http://odin.himinbi.org/covers/"><img + src="odin.himinbi.org-cover.jpeg" alt="[cover]"></a> + + </li> +# ============================================================ + + <li><url "http://www.nongnu.org/sdcdc/" /> + (editable shell and Gimp Scheme scripts):<br /> + + <a href="http://www.nongnu.org/sdcdc/sdcdc-cds-pixmaps.tar.gz"><img + src="autistici.org-cd-1-i386-en.jpeg" alt="[i386 covers]"></a> + + </li> + +# ============================================================ +# +# <li><url "http://www.schultz-net.dk/cdcovers.html" /><br /> +# +# <a href="http://www.schultz-net.dk/covers/debianlight/cd1.tar.gz"><img +# src="schultz-net.dk-debianlight.jpeg" alt="[cover]"></a> +# +# <a href="http://www.schultz-net.dk/covers/debianfull/cd1.tar.gz"><img +# src="schultz-net.dk-debianfull.jpeg" alt="[cover]"></a> +# +# </li> +# ============================================================ + + <li><url "http://www.jonnyblair.co.uk/debian/" /><br /> + + <a href="http://www.jonnyblair.co.uk/img/illustrations/debian/woody_cover/disc01/woody01_front.jpg"><img + src="jonnyblair.co.uk-woody_front.jpeg" alt="[Front]"></a> + + <a href="http://www.jonnyblair.co.uk/img/illustrations/debian/woody_cover/disc01/woody01_tray.png"><img + src="jonnyblair.co.uk-woody_tray.jpeg" alt="[Tray]"></a> + </li> +# ============================================================ + +</ul> diff --git a/greek/CD/faq/Makefile b/greek/CD/faq/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/faq/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/faq/index.wml b/greek/CD/faq/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f748ff3febb --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/faq/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,973 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Frequently Asked Questions about Debian CDs" NOHEADER=true BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::toc +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/info" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="229b271cdbb6341c3d5104065a3d5a00d0139130" maintainer="galaxico" + +<define-tag toc-title-formatting endtag="required" whitespace="delete"> +<p><strong>%body</strong></p> +</define-tag> + +<h1><a name="top">Frequently Asked Questions</a></h1> + +<toc-display/> + + + +<toc-add-entry name="what-is">What is a <q>CD image</q> anyway?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>A CD image is the exact representation of the data on a CD in a +normal computer file, that can e.g. be transmitted over the +Internet. CD burning programs can use the image files to make real +CDs.</p> + +<p>For a correctly written CD, the <tt>.iso</tt> file must not appear +on the CD when you access it! Instead, you should see a number of +files and directories - in the case of a Debian CD, this includes a +<q>dists</q> directory and a <q>README.html</q> file.</p> + +<p>The <tt>.iso</tt> format is roughly comparable to a <tt>.zip</tt> +file: It contains other files and directories, and only these will +appear on the final CD. Some archive programs allow you to <q>unpack</q> +<tt>.iso</tt> files. Do not use this feature to create a CD from the +unpacked files! The resulting CD will fail to boot because the +<tt>.iso</tt> format includes special information related to booting +from the CD, which is lost when you unpack the file. See below on how +to correctly write a CD image under <a href="#record-unix">Linux</a>, +<a href="#record-windows">Windows</a> or <a +href="#record-mac">Mac OS</a>.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="mailing-list">My question is not answered by this +FAQ!</toc-add-entry> + +<p>If you cannot find an answer to your question here, you can ask for +help on one of the Debian mailing lists. +In all cases, you should <a href="https://lists.debian.org/">search +the mailing list archives</a> before sending mail to the lists. +You can <a href="$(HOME)/MailingLists/subscribe">subscribe</a> +to and <a href="$(HOME)/MailingLists/unsubscribe">unsubscribe</a> +from the lists. However, you do not need to be subscribed in order +to send mail to the lists - if you are not subscribed, ask for +replies to be CC'd to you.</p> + +<p>Mailing lists relevant to problems with CD installation:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-cd/">debian-cd</a>: + Discussion about the CD image creation process, available CD + mirrors, problems when booting from CD, announcements of new + official images.</li> + + <li><a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-boot/">debian-boot</a>: A + bit of a misnomer, this list actually covers the installation + process; any problems encountered after successfully booting + from CD may be more appropriate here than in debian-cd.</li> + + <li><a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-live/">debian-live</a>: + A list for the Debian Live project, focused on development of the software + that is used to build Debian Live images, but also appropriate + for discussion particular to using those images.</li> + + <li><a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/">debian-user</a>: + General support list for users of Debian. Focus is + more on problems encountered after a successful installation, + when using the system. There are also several lists for + non-English speakers, in <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-catalan/">Català</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-chinese-big5/">Chinese</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-danish/">Dansk</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-esperanto/">Esperanto</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-french/">Français</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-german/">Deutsch</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-hungarian/">Magyar</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-indonesian/">Indonesian</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-italian/">Italiano</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-japanese/">日本語 (Nihongo)</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-polish/">Polski</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-portuguese/">Português</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-russian/">Русский (Russkij)</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-spanish/">Español</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-swedish/">Svenska</a>, + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-turkish/">Türkçe</a>, + and <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user-ukrainian/">Ukrainian</a>. + </li> + +</ul> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="why-jigdo">Why should I use this <q>jigdo</q> program? +I prefer a simple HTTP download!</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Today, there are nearly <a href="$(HOME)/mirror/list">300 Debian +mirrors</a> (which contain the complete Debian distribution as .deb files), +but <a href="../http-ftp/">far fewer</a> machines serving Debian CD images. +As a result, the CD image servers are constantly overloaded.</p> + +<p>Additionally, nobody is very enthusiastic about setting up more +CD servers because of the tremendous amounts of wasted bandwidth +(some people keep <em>restarting</em> failed downloads instead of +<em>resuming</em> from the point where the connection was closed) +and because a regular mirror is more attractive (it allows +continuous upgrades of Debian, or using the <q>testing</q>/<q>unstable</q> +distribution instead of the <q>stable</q> one).</p> + +<p>jigdo tries to make +the most out of this situation, by downloading the data for the CD +images from one of the 300 mirrors. However, these mirrors only +hold individual .deb files, not the CD image, so some additional +manipulation of the data is necessary to produce one big CD image +file from the many small .deb files.</p> + +<p>Do not be afraid to <a href="../jigdo-cd/">try out jigdo</a>! +The complex process of generating the CD image is completely +hidden from you - instead, you benefit from the fact that one of +the 300 Debian mirrors is bound to be nearer and faster than any +of the CD servers.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="which-cd">Which of the numerous images +should I download? Do I need all of them?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>No. First, of course you only need to download CD <em>or</em> DVD +<em>or</em> BD images - the three types of images contain the same +packages.</p> + +<p>Also, you only need the CD/DVD/BD images for your computer's +architecture. The architecture is the type of hardware your computer +uses. By far the most popular one is the Intel/AMD architecture, so +most people will only want to get the images for <q>i386</q>. If your +PC has a 64-bit AMD or Intel processor, you will most likely need the +<q><a href="../../ports/amd64/">amd64</a></q> images (though +<q>i386</q> is also fine), the <q><a +href="../../ports/ia64/">ia64</a></q> images will <em>not</em> +work.</p> + +<p>Furthermore, in most cases it is not necessary to download all of +the images for your architecture. The packages are sorted by +popularity: The first CD/DVD/BD contains the installation system and +the most popular packages. The second one contains slightly less +popular ones, the third one even less popular ones, etc. You will +probably only need the first couple of DVDs (or the first few CDs) +unless you have very special requirements. (And in case you happen to +need a package later on which is not on one of the CDs/DVDs/BDs you +downloaded, you can always install that package directly from the +Internet.)</p> + +<p>Please also read the next paragraphs to determine whether you +want/need to download network install CDs, update CDs or source +CDs.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="netinst">What is a <q>netinst</q> or <q>network install</q> +CD?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>To quote the <a href="../netinst/">network install page</a>: A +<q>network install</q> or <q>netinst</q> CD is a single CD which enables you to +install the entire operating system. This single CD contains just the +minimal amount of software to start the installation and fetch the +remaining packages over the Internet.</p> + +<p>If you only want to install Debian on a single machine which has a +fast Internet connection, the network install may be the fastest and +easiest option for you: You only download the packages that you +selected for installation on your machine, which saves both time and +bandwidth.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="update-cd">What are the <q>update</q> +CDs/DVDs?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Update CDs/DVDs are CDs/DVDs which contain all the packages that +changed between a major release version (e.g. 7.<strong>0</strong>, +8.<strong>0</strong>, etc.) and a later point release of that stable +distribution. For example, if you already have the full set of +<q>debian-8.0.0</q> CDs/DVDs, you can add the +<q>debian-update-8.2.0</q> disc set to turn this <q>debian-8.0.0</q> +set into a <q>debian-8.2.0</q> set.</p> + +<p>This type of CD/DVD is intended for vendors having large amounts of +pressed versions of CDs/DVDs (which makes them cheaper than +individually burned CDs/DVDs). If you order CDs/DVDs from such a +vendor, it is possible that you'll receive CDs/DVDs for a slightly +older point release, plus some update CDs/DVDs for the latest +revision. This is a perfectly acceptable way of distributing Debian on +CD/DVD.</p> + +<p>Of course, this type of CD/DVD can also be useful to you as an end user; +instead of creating the full set of CDs/DVDs for each new revision of a +release, you only need to download and burn update CDs/DVDs for +your architecture.</p> + +<p>Note that update CDs/DVDs are not meant to boot, they just contain the +packages needed to upgrade an existing installation. If you don't have +that existing installation, then you'll need to use the normal +installation CDs/DVDs. After the new system is booted, the updated CD/DVD can be added with +<code>apt-cdrom add</code>.</p> + +<p>Now, what if for some reason you do not want to download the update +CD/DVD even though you already have the full set of CDs/DVDs/BDs for +the previous revision? In this case, you should consider using <a +href="../jigdo-cd/">jigdo</a>'s <q>update</q> feature: jigdo can read +the contents of the old CDs/DVDs/BDs, download only those files that +have changed for the new CDs/DVDs, and create the full set of new +CDs/DVDs/BDs. Still, it will have done this by downloading only about +the same amount of data as for an update CD/DVD.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="source-cd">What are the <q>source</q> +CDs?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>There are two types of images, the <q>binary</q> CDs that contain +precompiled, ready-to-run programs, and the <q>source</q> CDs that +contain the source code for the programs. The vast majority of +people do not need the source CDs; you should not download them +unless you really have a good reason for it.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="nonfree">Where is the CD image with +non-free?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Debian has a quite strict view with regard to the licenses of +software: Only software that is Free in the sense of the +<a href="$(HOME)/social_contract#guidelines">Debian Free Software +Guidelines</a> is allowed into the actual distribution. All the other, +<q>non-free</q> software (for example, software for which source code is not +available) is not supported officially.</p> + +<p>The official CDs may freely be used, copied and sold by anyone anywhere +in the world. Packages of the <q>non-free</q> category have restrictions that +conflict with this, so these packages are not placed on the official +CDs.</p> + +<p>Sometimes, someone is kind enough to create unofficial non-free +CDs. If you cannot find any links on this website, you can try +<a href="#mailing-list">asking on the debian-cd mailing list</a>.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="dvd">Are DVD images of Debian +available?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Yes - Debian offers DVD images for the current stable +release. Additionally, as far as we know, Debian is the only Linux +distribution to +offer weekly full-size DVD images for download! Because of their size, these +images are <a href="../jigdo-cd/">distributed with +jigdo</a>.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="official">What's the difference between official +and unofficial images?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Official images are built by a member of the Debian CD team and +have undergone some testing to ensure they work. Once they have been +released, the images never change - if they turn out to be broken, a +new set with a different version number is released.</p> + +<p>Unofficial images can be built by anyone - CD team members, other +Debian developers or even advanced Debian users. Typically, they are +more up-to-date, but have received less testing. Some have new +features (e.g. installation support for new hardware), or contain +additional software packages which are not part of the Debian archive.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="live-cd">Is a Debian <q>live CD</q> +available?</toc-add-entry> + +<p> Yes. A so-called <q>live CD</q>, or more precisely, a <q>live +system</q>, is a complete system prepared for a DVD, USB key or other +medium. You do not need to install anything on the hard drive. +Instead you boot from the medium (DVD or USB key) and are able to +start working on the machine right away. All programs run directly +from the medium.</p> + +<p>The <a href="$(HOME)/devel/debian-live/">Debian Live Project</a> produces +<a href="../live/">live image files</a> for a variety of system types and +media.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="bootable">The CD/DVD/BD fails to boot! / From +which disc should I boot?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Only the first CD/DVD/BD in a set is bootable.</p> + +<p>If your Debian disc fails to boot, first ensure that you have +correctly written it to the medium - please <a href="#what-is">see the +explanation above</a>. Additionally, please check whether your BIOS is +set up to boot from your optical drive.</p> + +<p>If your system cannot boot from CD/DVD/BD at all, it is also +possible to <a href="$(HOME)/distrib/netinst#verysmall">boot from a +USB stick or from the network</a>.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="arch">Where are the images for M68K, Hurd or +other architectures?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Depending on the state of support for a certain architecture, +CD/DVD images are available from different places:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>If the architecture you are looking for is officially + supported by the current <a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/">stable + release</a>, see the <a href="../"><q>Debian on CD</q></a> page for + the available download options.</li> + + <li>If a Debian port for an architecture exists, but has not + yet been released officially, CD images may or may not be + available. Again, see the <a href="../"><q>Debian on CD</q></a> page - in + contrast to stable images, only one download option may be + supported, so have a look at both the <q>jigdo</q> and <q>HTTP</q> + sections.</li> + + <li>For the Debian port to the GNU/Hurd, see the + <a href="$(HOME)/ports/hurd/hurd-cd">page about unofficial Hurd CDs</a>. + + <li>Otherwise, check the <a href="$(HOME)/ports/">Debian port pages</a> + for the architecture you are interested in.</li> + +</ul> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="unstable-images">Are images for the <q>unstable</q> +distribution available?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>There are no <q>unstable</q> full CD/DVD/BD images. Due to the fact +that the packages in <q>unstable</q> change so quickly, it is more +appropriate for people to download and install <q>unstable</q> using a +normal Debian HTTP mirror.</p> + +<p>If you are aware of the <a href="../../releases/unstable/">risks of +running unstable</a>, but still want to install it, you have a few +choices:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>Install <q>testing</q> using a <a href="../netinst/">netinst + image</a>, then upgrade to <q>unstable</q> by changing the entries in + your <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt>. To avoid unnecessary downloads + and package upgrades, it is advisable to install a minimal + <q>testing</q> system first and only to install most of the software + (e.g. desktop environment) after the switch to <q>unstable</q>.</li> + + <li>Use the stable installer to install a minimal <q>stable</q> + system and then change your <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt> file + to use <q>testing</q> and do an <tt>apt-get update</tt> and + <tt>apt-get dist-upgrade</tt>. Finally, install the packages you + desire. This method is the most likely to + work of those presented here.</li> + + <li>Be a tester of the <q>testing</q> installer and install + <q>testing</q> using a netinst image, then upgrade to + <q>unstable</q> by changing the entries in your + <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt>. To avoid unnecessary downloads + and package upgrades, it is advisable to install a minimal + <q>testing</q> system first and only to install most of the + software (e.g. desktop environment) after the switch to + <q>unstable</q>. Then <tt>apt-get update</tt> and + <tt>apt-get -u dist-upgrade</tt> + - then you have a sid release.</li> + + <li>Use a netboot <q>mini.iso</q> image. You will find it on any of + the Debian mirrors under + debian/dists/unstable/main/installer-*/current/images/netboot/mini.iso. During + the installation choose <q>Advanced options</q> -> <q>Expert + install</q>. In the step <q>Choose a mirror of the Debian + archive</q> choose version <q>sid - unstable</q>.</li> + +</ul> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="search-for-package">Which CD/DVD/BD image +contains package XYZ?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>To find out which image contains a certain file, use the <a +href="https://cdimage-search.debian.org">cdimage search tool</a>. It +has knowledge of just about all the Debian CDs/DVDs/BDs produced by +Debian since the Woody release, covering all the official releases +(both older archived releases and the current stable release) and the +current sets of daily and weekly testing builds. </p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="list-image-contents">Can I have a list of all the +packages contained in an image?</toc-add-entry> + +<p> +Yes. +Look on <a +href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/">cdimage.debian.org</a> for +the corresponding <tt>.list.gz</tt> file - it will list all the +packages and source files included in the image. +For Debian Live images, you can find in the same directory as the +image files some similarly named files suffixed with <tt>.packages</tt>. +Download these and then search them for the desired package name.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="outdated">The software on the official CDs is +outdated - why don't you release a new version?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>We only make official releases of the <q>stable</q> distribution +when we think they truly deserve that name. Unfortunately, this means +that stable releases only happen about every 2 years...</p> + +<p>If you require more recent versions of some of the software in +Debian, you can install <q>stable</q> and then upgrade (via the net) +those parts you want to the versions from <q>testing</q> - it is +possible to mix software from the different releases.</p> + +<p>Alternatively, try out the images of <q>testing</q> that are +generated automatically every week. More information about <a +href="../../security/faq#testing"><q>testing</q> security support</a> +is available from the security FAQ.</p> + +<p>If you only need newer versions of specific packages, you can also +try the <q>backports</q> service, which takes packages from testing +and modifies them to work on stable. This option may be safer than +installing the same package directly from testing.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="newest">How do I know if I am downloading the +newest images?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>The note at the bottom of the <a href="../"><q>Debian on CD</q></a> page +always shows the version number of the latest +release.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="verify">How can I verify the downloaded ISO +images and written optical media?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Detailed information on how to authenticate the signed checksum +files containing the checksums of the ISO image files is available on +the <a href="../verify">authenticity verification page</a>. After +cryptographically verifying the checksum files, we can check that: +</p> + +<ul> + <li>Checksums of the <em>downloaded ISO image files</em> match those + found in the checksum files. Computing the checksum of the ISO image + files is performed by tools such as <q>sha512sum</q> and <q>sha256sum</q>. + </li> + <li>Checksums of already <em>written optical media</em> match those + found in the checksum files. This is a slightly more difficult + operation to describe. </li> +</ul> + +<p>The problem with the verification of written optical media is that +some media types will possibly return more bytes than those found in +the ISO image. This trailing garbage is impossible to avoid with CD +written in TAO mode, incrementally recorded DVD-R[W], formatted +DVD-RW, DVD+RW, BD-RE, and also with USB keys. Therefore, we need to +read exactly the same number of sectors of data from the media as are +found in the ISO image itself; reading any more bytes from the media +will alter the checksum result.</p> + +<ul> + <li>The <q>isosize</q> program can be used to find out the appropriate + amount of bytes to be read from the optical media. It shows the + <q>sector count</q> and the <q>sector size</q> from the optical media, + where <q><device></q> is the device file of the loaded optical media. + <br/><tt>$ /sbin/isosize -x <device></tt> + <br/><tt>sector count: 25600, sector size: 2048 + </tt> + </li> + <li>Then <q>sector count</q> and <q>sector size</q> are passed to <q>dd</q> + to read the appropriate amount of bytes from the optical media and the byte + stream is then piped to the appropriate checksum tool (sha512sum, sha256sum, + etc). + <br/><tt>$ dd if=<device> count=<sector count> bs=<sector size> | sha512sum + </tt> + </li> + <li>The computed checksum is to be compared against the corresponding checksum found + in the appropriate checksum file (SHA512SUMS, SHA256SUMS, etc). + </li> +</ul> + +<p>Alternatively, there is a useful helper script called <a +href="https://people.debian.org/~danchev/debian-iso/check_debian_iso"> +check_debian_iso</a> which can verify <em>ISO image files</em> and +<em>optical media</em>, reading the appropriate amount of bytes from +media then computing the checksum and comparing it against the +checksum file.</p> + +<ul> + <li><em>ISO image file verification.</em> + This will compare the checksum of the debian-6.0.3-amd64-netinst.iso + image file against the corresponding checksum found in the SHA512SUMS + checksum file. + <br/><tt>$ ./check_debian_iso SHA512SUMS debian-6.0.3-amd64-netinst.iso</tt> + </li> + <li><em>Optical media verification.</em> + This will compare the checksum of the media accessible as /dev/dvd against the + checksum of debian-6.0.3-amd64-DVD-1.iso as found in the SHA512SUMS + checksum file. Note that the ISO image file itself is not needed, + its name is merely used to locate the corresponding checksum in + the checksum file. + <br/><tt>$ ./check_debian_iso SHA512SUMS debian-6.0.3-amd64-DVD-1.iso /dev/dvd</tt> + </li> +</ul> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="small-dvd">Why is my downloaded DVD image smaller +than 1 GB when it should be larger than +4 GB?</toc-add-entry> + +<p><a id="wget-dvd"></a>Most likely, the tool you use for downloading +the image does not have large file support, i.e. it has problems +downloading files larger than 4 GBytes. The usual symptom for +this problem is that when you download the file, the file size +reported by your tool (and the amount of data that it downloads) is +too small by exactly 4 GB. For example, if the DVD image is +4.4 GB, your tool will report a size of 0.4 GB.</p> + +<p>Some old versions of <tt>wget</tt> also suffer from this problem - +either upgrade to a version of <tt>wget</tt> which does not have this +restriction or use the <tt>curl</tt> command line download tool: +<q><tt>curl -C - </tt><i>[URL]</i></q></p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="record-unix">How do I write an ISO image under +Linux/Unix?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Note that Debian ISO images for i386, amd64 and arm64 are also +bootable from a USB key; see <a href="#write-usb">below</a>.</p> + +<p><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/xorriso/xorriso.html">xorriso</a> +for all optical media types (also doable as non-root user): +<br/><tt>xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 -eject debian-x.y.z-arch-MEDIUM-NN.iso</tt> +<br/>In order to get the full nominal speed when writing to BD-RE +(i.e. without the slowdown caused by the drive's internal defect +management), add the option <tt>stream_recording=on</tt>. + +<p><a href="http://fy.chalmers.se/~appro/linux/DVD+RW/">growisofs</a> +for DVD and BD optical media types: +<br/><tt>growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/sr0=debian-x.y.z-arch-MEDIUM-NN.iso</tt> +</p> + +<p><a href="https://packages.debian.org/sid/wodim">wodim</a> +for CD optical media type: +<br/><tt>wodim -v dev=/dev/sr0 -eject -sao debian-x.y.z-arch-CD-NN.iso</tt> +</p> + +<p>For Linux, there are also the X programs +<a href="https://www.gnome.org/projects/brasero/">Brasero</a>, +<a href="http://k3b.plainblack.com/">K3B</a> and +<a href="http://www.xcdroast.org/">X-CD-Roast</a>, +to name a few. Note that they're all frontends to the previously +mentioned low-level burning applications.</p> + +<dl> + <dt><strong><a id="brasero" + href="https://www.gnome.org/projects/brasero/">Brasero</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>Select the button <i>Burn Image</i>. Then click on + <i>Click here to select a disc image</i>, browse and select your + downloaded ISO file, check whether the settings under + <i>Properties</i> are correct and choose + <i>Create Image</i>.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a id="k3b" + href="http://k3b.plainblack.com/">K3b</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>Select the menu entry <i>Tools - CD - Burn CD Image</i>. In the + dialog that opens, enter the path to the image in the <i>Image to + Burn</i> field, check whether the other settings are correct, then + click on <i>Start</i>.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a id="xcdroast" + href="http://www.xcdroast.org/">X-CD-Roast</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>After the program has started, click on +<i>Setup</i> and choose the <i>HD settings</i> tab. Copy the Debian CD +image to one of the directories that are displayed in the table. (If +the table is empty, enter the path of a directory you want to use for +temporary storage, and click on <i>Add</i>.) Click on <i>OK</i> to +exit the setup. Next, select <i>Create CD</i> and then <i>Write +Tracks</i>. Choose the <i>Layout tracks</i> tab, select the line +displaying the image filename and click on <i>Add</i>, then click on +<i>Accept track layout</i>. Finally, click on <i>Write tracks</i>.</dd> + +</dl> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="record-windows">How do I write an ISO image under +Windows?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>This might be a little problem on older versions of Windows, as +many Windows image-burning programs use their own formats for CD +images. To burn the <tt>.iso</tt> images you will most likely have to +use a <q>special</q> menu. Look for options like <q>ISO9660 file</q>, +<q>Raw ISO image</q> or <q>2048 bytes/sector</q>. (Note: other +bytes/sector values are fatal!) Some programs do not offer these +choices; use another burning program instead (ask a friend or +colleague). Here is some information about how to write CD images with +specific products:</p> + +<dl> + + <dt><strong><a name="imgburn" + href="http://www.imgburn.com/">ImgBurn</a></strong> + (Freeware)</dt> + + <dd>There are <a href="http://www.imgburn.com/index.php?act=screenshots#isowrite">screenshots</a> of how to write an image to CD/DVD</dd> + + <dt><strong><a name="cdburnerxp" + href="https://cdburnerxp.se/">CDBurnerXP Pro</a></strong> + (Freeware)</dt> + + <dd>The process of writing an <tt>.iso</tt> image is described + <a href="https://cdburnerxp.se">in the program's manual</a>.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a name="isorecorder" + href="http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/">ISO + Recorder</a></strong> (Freeware)</dt> + + <dd>This program can write <tt>.iso</tt> images on Windows 2003, XP + and Vista.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a NAME="adaptec" href="http://www.adaptec.com/">Adaptec</a>\ + /<a href="https://www.roxio.com/">Roxio</a> Easy-CD Creator</strong></dt> + + <dd>From the <i>File</i> menu, choose <i>Create CD from + image...</i>. Then select the <q>.iso</q> file type, and the correct + image. This opens up the CD creation setup GUI, from there + ensure that all the information for your CD-R is correct. In the + <i>Create options</i> portion, choose <i>Create CD</i>; under + <i>Write method</i>, choose <i>Track at once</i> and <i>Close + CD</i>.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a NAME="nero">Nero</a> from + <a href="http://www.ahead.de/">Ahead Software</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>Disable the Wizard, then select <i>Burn Image</i> from the + <q>File</q> or <q>Recorder</q> menu. Select <i>All Files</i> in the file + selection window if necessary. Select the <tt>.iso</tt> file, click + OK in the <q>this is a foreign file</q> dialogue box, in case one is + displayed. In the + option box that opens, the defaults should be okay: <q><i>Data + Mode 1</i></q>, <q><i>Block Size 2048</i></q>, <q><i>Raw Data, Scrambled, + and Swapped</i></q> <strong>not</strong> selected, and <i>Image + Header</i> and <i>Image Trailer</i> left at 0. Click OK. Under + <i>Write CD</i> or <i>Burn</i>, use the default options, e.g. <i>Write</i> + and <i>Determine maximum speed</i>, plus check the <i>Finalize + CD</i> option.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a NAME="cdextreme">CD Extreme</a> from + <a href="http://www.storagebysony.com">Sony</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>Choose <i>New Job...</i> from the <i>File</i> menu. Then + select <i>Global-Image</i> or <i>Other Image</i>. This opens up + the CD creation setup GUI, from there manually enter the path to + the .iso image or <i>browse...</i> using files of type <q>other</q>. + From the <i>Edit</i> menu, choose <i>Recoding Options</i>, in + the resulting <i>Disk Image Options</i> dialog, + choose:<br /> <i>Recording Type: Disk at Once + (DAO) Closed</i><br /> <i>Mode and Blocking: CD + Mode1 (Blocking 2048)-DVD</i><br />Do not check off + <q>Post-gap...</q>.</dd> + + <dt><strong><a NAME="resource-kit-tools" + href="http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=9d467a69-57ff-4ae7-96ee-b18c4790cffd">Microsoft + Resource Kit Tools</a></strong></dt> + + <dd>The command-line Resource Kit Tools are provided by Microsoft + free of charge, they work with Windows 2003 and XP. Two programs to + write images to CD and DVD are included, they are named + <tt>Cdburn.exe</tt> and <tt>Dvdburn.exe</tt>. Usage of the programs + is described in the accompanying help file - essentially, the + command to be executed is something like + <tt>cdburn drive: iso-file.iso /speed max</tt></dd> + +</dl> + +<p>If you can provide updated information or details for other +programs, please <a +href="mailto:debian-cd@lists.debian.org" +>let us know</a>. + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="record-mac">How do I write an ISO image under +Mac OS?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>The <strong>Toast</strong> program for Mac OS is reported to work fine with +<tt>.iso</tt> files. You can be extra-safe by giving it the +creator code <i>CDr3</i> (or possibly <i>CDr4</i>) and type code +<i>iImg</i> using e.g. FileTyper. Double-clicking on the file will +then open up Toast directly, without having to drag-and-drop or go +via the File-Open menu.</p> + +<p>Another option is <strong>Disk Utility</strong> (included with Mac OS +X 10.3 and higher): After opening the Disk Utility application (in +the <tt>/Applications/Utilities</tt> folder), select +<i>Burn...</i> in the <i>Image</i> menu and choose the CD +image to burn. Ensure that the settings are correct, then click on +<i>Burn</i>.</p> + +<p>Another option is <strong>Disk Copy</strong> (included with Mac OS +X 10.1 and higher): After opening the Disk Copy application (in +the <tt>/Applications/Utilities</tt> folder), select +<i>Burn Image...</i> in the <i>Image</i> menu and choose the CD +image to burn. Ensure that the settings are correct, then click on +<i>Burn</i>.</p> + + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="write-usb">How do I write a CD/DVD/BD image to a +USB flash drive?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Several of the Debian and Debian Live images, notably all i386, +amd64 and arm64 images, are created using the <i>isohybrid</i> +technology, which means that they may be used in two different +ways:</p> + +<ul> + <li>They may be written to CD/DVD/BD and used as normal for CD/DVD/BD booting.</li> + <li>They may be written to USB flash drives, bootable directly from the BIOS / EFI firmware of most PCs.</li> +</ul> + +<p>On a Linux machine, simply use the <q>cp</q> command, to copy an +image to a USB flash drive:</p> + +<p><code>cp <file> <device></code></p> + +<p>Alternatively you can also use <q>dd</q>:</p> + +<p><code>dd if=<file> of=<device> bs=4M; sync</code></p> + +<p>where:</p> +<ul> + <li><file> is the name of the input image, e.g. <q>netinst.iso</q> + <li><device> is the device matching the USB flash drive, + e.g. /dev/sda, /dev/sdb. <em>Be careful to make sure you have the right + device name</em>, as this command is capable of writing over your hard + disk just as easily if you get the wrong one!</li> + <li><q>bs=4M</q> tells dd to read/write in 4 megabyte chunks for + better performance; the default is 512 bytes, which will be much + slower + <li>The <q>sync</q> is to make sure that all the writes are flushed out + before the command returns. +</ul> + +<p>Additionally to the method above for Linux systems, there is also + the <a NAME="win32diskimager" + href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/">win32diskimager</a> + program available, which allows writing such bootable USB flash + drives under Windows. <b>Hint:</b> win32diskimager will apparently + only list input files named <i>*.img</i> by default, while the + Debian images are named <i>*.iso</i>. Change the filter to + <i>*.*</i> if you use this tool. +</p> + +<p>Please note, that Debian advises not using <q>unetbootin</q> for + this task. It can cause difficult-to-diagnose problems with booting + and installing, so is not recommended. +</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="whatlabel">How should I label the +discs?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>There is no obligatory way of labeling. However, we suggest you +use the following scheme to ensure interchangeability:</p> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/{Linux|Hurd|kFreeBSD} + <version>[<revision>]<br />Official + {<architecture>} {CD|DVD|BD}-<number></p> +</div> + +<p>For example:</p> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3<br />Official i386 + CD-1</p> +</div> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3<br />Official + amd64 DVD-2</p> +</div> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3<br />Official + source BD-1</p> +</div> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/kFreeBSD 6.0.3<br />Official i386 + Netinst CD</p> +</div> + +<p>If you have enough space, you can also add the codename to the +first line, as in: <i>Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3 <q>Squeeze</q></i>.</p> + +<p>Note that you are allowed to use the <em>Official</em> +designation <strong>only</strong> on CDs the image of which has a +checksum that matches the one from the +<a href="../jigdo-cd/#which">jigdo +files of official releases</a>. +Any CD that has no matching checksum (e.g. your own creations) must be +clearly labelled as <em>Unofficial</em>, for example:</p> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3<br />Unofficial + Non-free</p> +</div> + +<p>In the case of official weekly snapshots, version numbers like +<q>6.0.3</q> should not be used to avoid confusion with released +Debian versions. Instead, label the image with a codename like +<q>etch</q> or a distribution name like <q>testing</q>. Also add +<q>Snapshot</q> and the date of the snapshot to help identify it:</p> + +<div class="cdflash"> + <p>Debian GNU/Linux <q>etch</q><br /> + Official Snapshot alpha Binary-2<br /> + 2005-06-17</p> +</div> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="artwork">Is there any artwork for discs and +covers?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>There is no official layout for the cover, back and label of a +Debian CD/DVD/BD, but a number of people have produced nice-looking +images. Please see the separate <a href="../artwork/">artwork +page</a>. + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="old">Are old CD/DVD/BD images still +available?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Some older images are available from the <a +href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/archive/">archive +section on cdimage.debian.org</a>. For example, you might want to try +out older images if you need support for a certain (sub)architecture +which has been dropped for a newer release.</p> + +<p>Note that when you install using a really old CD/DVD (pre 4.0, +Etch), the contents of <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt> will reference +the <em>current</em> stable Debian release by default. This means that +any upgrade over the net will upgrade to the current stable +release.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="lan-install">What is the best way of installing +Debian on many interconnected computers?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>If you want to install Debian on a large number of machines and +then keep all these installations up-to-date (e.g. security updates), +installing from optical media is not ideal, but then neither is +installing via the Internet, because the packages will have to be +downloaded again for each machine. In this case, you should set up a +local cache, the three options being:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><em>Make disc contents available via HTTP:</em> Download the + images, then make their contents available to your LAN on a local + mirror. The individual machines can use this mirror as if it + were a regular Debian server. For example, if the contents of a CD + are available under the URL <tt>http://10.0.0.1/cd1/</tt>, machines + in the local network can use the packages from the CD with the + following line in their <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt>:<br /> + <tt>deb http://10.0.0.1/cd1/ stable main contrib</tt><br /> + A different URL and a separate entry in <tt>sources.list</tt> is + necessary for each CD.</li> + + <li><em>Instruct your HTTP proxy to cache .deb files:</em> + Configure the proxy to keep .deb files for a long time, then set + <tt>http_proxy</tt> in your environment on each machine to point + at the cache, and use apt's HTTP acquisition method.<br /> + This gives you most of the benefits of running a mirror, with + none of the admin hassle. Since you can set limits on the + proxy's disk usage, it works even for sites with limited disk + space, and it has the advantage over mirroring that you only + download those packages you install, which saves bandwidth. + Squid can be told to keep the files by adding a line to + <tt>/etc/squid/squid.conf</tt>:<br /><tt>refresh_pattern debian.org/.*.deb$ 129600 100% 129600</tt></li> + + <li><em>Set up a private Debian packages mirror:</em> Beware + that the Debian archive has grown to a tremendous size! Refer to + the <a href="$(HOME)/mirror/">mirroring page</a> for details.</li> + +</ul> + +<p>Installing on a large number of machines can be tricky. +<a href="http://fai-project.org/">Fully automatic +installation</a> (FAI), which is also available as a Debian +package, may help you with this task.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="diy">I have a local Debian mirror and want to +create my own CD/DVDs/BDs/. How do I do this?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Apart from a <a href="$(HOME)/mirror/">local Debian mirror</a>, you +also need plenty of disc space. The image creation scripts are +packaged in the <em>debian-cd</em> package. However, it is usually a +better idea to use the latest code from git. (Still, you should have a +look at the package's dependencies to ensure you have all the +necessary tools.)</p> + +<p>To get the latest git version, make sure you have git +installed. From an empty directory, give the following command:</p> + +<div class="centerblock"> +<p> +<tt>git clone https://salsa.debian.org/images-team/debian-cd.git</tt> +</p> +</div> + +<p>Should you try to use the scripts, check the +<a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-cd/">debian-cd mailing list +archive</a> for solutions to the questions that will inevitably +show up. :-)</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="become-cd-mirror">How do I become a mirror for +Debian CD/DVD/BD images?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>The necessary steps to set up your debian-cd image mirror and keep +it up to date are <a href="../mirroring/">described on a separate +page</a>.</p> + +# ============================================================ + +<toc-add-entry name="not-all-images">Some Images are missing! +Only the first n images are available! Where is the rest?</toc-add-entry> + +<p>We don't store/serve the full set of ISO images for all architectures, +to reduce the amount of space taken up on the mirrors. You can +<a href="#why-jigdo">use the jigdo tool</a> to recreate the missing ISO +images instead.</p> + +# ============================================================ diff --git a/greek/CD/free-linux-cd.wml b/greek/CD/free-linux-cd.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1680270cf37 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/free-linux-cd.wml @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Free Linux CD" NOHEADER=true BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::toc +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="4dc6aa7c1925469f923a41d0b3ac63f8b2d27ee2" maintainer="galaxico" + +# Translators, I would not bother translating this file. Its sole +# purpose is to prevent stupid "Please send me a free Linux CD" mails +# to debian-cd. Apparently, this is another self-perpetuating Google +# flop: Whenever people from India (or somewhere from that part of the +# world) search for "Free Linux CD" with Google, the archived "free +# Linux CD" mails from lists.d.o turn up at the very top. Without +# bothering to read the replies to the archived mails, people copy the +# mail they found and send it to debian-cd. +# -- Richard Atterer, 2006-04-11 + +<h1>Free Linux CD</h1> + +<p>The Debian project does <em>not</em> send out free CDs. Please do +not send mail to the debian-cd mailing list about this.</p> + +<p>Instead, either <a href="./">download</a> the CD images yourself or +<a href="vendors/">buy</a> them from one of our CD +vendors. Alternatively, search for a Linux User Group (LUG) in your +area, you may be able to get a <em>free Linux CD</em> at a LUG +meeting.</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/http-ftp/Makefile b/greek/CD/http-ftp/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/http-ftp/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/http-ftp/index.wml b/greek/CD/http-ftp/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c31a5b494c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/http-ftp/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Downloading Debian CD/DVD images via HTTP/FTP" BARETITLE=true +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/info" +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/images.data" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="cbb09825e724fc539eb5cd8bdd9f3be2f6502d98" maintainer="galaxico" + +<div class="tip"> +<p><strong>Please do not download CD or DVD images with your web browser the way +you download other files!</strong> The reason is that if your download +aborts, most browsers do not allow you to resume from the point where it +failed.</p> +</div> + +<p>Instead, please use a tool that supports resuming. Under Unix, +you can use <a href="http://aria2.sourceforge.net/">aria2</a>, <a href="http://dfast.sourceforge.net/">wxDownload Fast</a> or (on the command line) +<q><tt>wget -c </tt><em>URL</em></q> or +<q><tt>curl -C - -L -O </tt><em>URL</em></q>. +Under Windows, you might want to try +<a href="https://www.freedownloadmanager.org/">Free Download Manager</a>. +Under Mac OS, have a look at +<a href="http://code.google.com/p/cocoawget/">CocoaWget</a>. +You can also look at a <a +href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_download_managers">comparison +of download managers</a> and choose a program that you like.</p> + +<p>The following Debian images are available for +download:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><a href="#stable">Official CD/DVD images of the <q>stable</q> release</a></li> + + <li><a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/">Official + CD/DVD images of the <q>testing</q> distribution (<em>regenerated + weekly</em>)</a></li> + +<comment> + <li>Unofficial CD/DVD images of the <q>testing</q> and <q>unstable</q> + distributions by fsn://HU — <a href="#unofficial">see below</a></li> +</comment> + +</ul> + +<p>See also:</p> +<ul> + + <li>A complete <a href="#mirrors">list of <tt>debian-cd/</tt> mirrors</a></li> + + <li>For <q>network install</q> (150-300 MB) images, + see the <a href="../netinst/">network install</a> page.</li> + + <li>For <q>netinst</q> images of the <q>testing</q> + release, both daily builds and known working snapshots, see the <a + href="$(DEVEL)/debian-installer/">Debian-Installer page</a>.</li> + +</ul> + +<hr /> + +<h2><a name="stable">Official CD/DVD images of the <q>stable</q> release</a></h2> + +<p>To install Debian on a machine without an Internet connection, +it's possible to use CD images (650 MB each) or DVD images (4.4 GB each). +Download the first CD or DVD image file, write it using a CD/DVD recorder (or a +USB stick on i386 and amd64 ports), and then reboot from that.</p> + +<p>The <strong>first</strong> CD/DVD disk contains all the files necessary +to install a standard Debian system.<br /> +To avoid needless downloads, please do <strong>not</strong> download +other CD or DVD image files unless you know that you need packages on +them.</p> + +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>CD</strong></p> + +<p>The following links point to image files which are up to 650 MB +in size, making them suitable for writing to normal CD-R(W) media:</p> + +<stable-full-cd-images /> +</div> +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> +<p><strong>DVD</strong></p> + +<p>The following links point to image files which are up to 4.4 GB +in size, making them suitable for writing to normal DVD-R/DVD+R and +similar media:</p> + +<stable-full-dvd-images /> +</div><div class="clear"></div> +</div> + +<p>Be sure to have a look at the documentation before you install. +<strong>If you read only one document</strong> before installing, read our +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/i386/apa">Installation Howto</a>, a quick +walkthrough of the installation process. Other useful documentation includes: +</p> +<ul> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">Installation Guide</a>, + the detailed installation instructions</li> +<li><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller">Debian-Installer + Documentation</a>, including the FAQ with common questions and answers</li> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/debian-installer/#errata">Debian-Installer + Errata</a>, the list of known problems in the installer</li> +</ul> + +<hr /> + +<h2><a name="mirrors">Registered mirrors of the <q>debian-cd</q> archive</a></h2> + +<p>Note that <strong>some mirrors are not up to date</strong> — +before downloading, check the version number of the images is the +same as the one listed <a href="../#latest">on this site</a>! +Additionally, note that many sites do not mirror the full set of +images (especially the DVD images) due to its size.</p> + +<p><strong>If in doubt, use the <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/">primary +CD image server</a> in Sweden,</strong> or try +<a href="http://debian-cd.debian.net/">the experimental automatic +mirror selector</a> that will automatically redirect you to a nearby +mirror that is known to have the current version.</p> + +<p>Are you interested in offering the Debian CD images on your +mirror? If yes, see the <a href="../mirroring/">instructions on +how to set up a CD image mirror</a>.</p> + +#use wml::debian::countries +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/CD/http-ftp/cdimage_mirrors.list" + + +<comment> +<h2><a name="unofficial">Unofficial CD/DVD images of the <q>testing</q> and +<q>unstable</q> releases</a></h2> + +<p>These images are not built and offered by Debian, but by <a +href="http://www.fsn.hu/">fsn://HU</a>:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>fsn://HU images for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/etch/">\ + <q>testing</q> distribution</a> on CD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU images for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/etch-dvd/">\ + <q>testing</q> distribution</a> on DVD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU images for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/sid/">\ + <q>unstable</q> distribution</a> on CD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU images for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/sid-dvd/">\ + <q>unstable</q> distribution</a> on DVD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + +</ul> +</comment> diff --git a/greek/CD/index.wml b/greek/CD/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b603c207570 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Debian on CDs/DVDs" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::release_info +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="9dcab36202d262b6b33583d68794b995999fa269" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>If you want to obtain Debian on CD/DVD or USB stick, see below for the +available options. In case of problems, please check the <a +href="faq/">FAQ about Debian CDs/DVDs</a>.</p> + +<div class="tip"> +<p>If you simply want to install Debian and have an Internet connection on the +target computer please consider the <a href="netinst/">Network +Install</a> media which is a smaller download.</p> </div> + +<div class="tip"> +<p>On i386 and amd64 architectures, all CD/DVD images can be +<a href="https://www.debian.org/CD/faq/#write-usb">used on a USB stick</a> too.</div> + +<ul> + + <li><a href="http-ftp/">Download CD/DVD images using HTTP.</a> + Many mirrors supply direct HTTP download links you can download with your + browser or command line tool.</li> + + <li><a href="vendors/">Buy finished Debian media.</a> They are cheap + - we do not make any profit with them! If your Internet connection + is charged by the minute, this is your only choice. You might also + consider buying media if you only have a slow internet connection, + as downloading all the images might take a very long time.</li> + + <li><a href="jigdo-cd/">Download CD/DVD images with jigdo.</a> + The "jigdo" scheme allows you to pick the fastest out of + 300 Debian mirrors worldwide for your download. It features easy + mirror selection and "upgrading" of older images to the latest + release. Also, it is the only way to download Debian DVD + images for <em>all</em> architectures.</li> + + <li><a href="torrent-cd/">Download CD/DVD images with BitTorrent.</a> + The Bittorrent peer to peer system lets many users cooperatively download + images at the same time, with minimal load on our servers. + DVD images are only available for some architectures.</li> + + <li><a href="live/">Download live images using HTTP, FTP or BitTorrent.</a> + Also offered as a new alternative to the standard images are live images + which you can use to try Debian first and then install the contents of the + image.</li> + +</ul> + +<p>Official CD/DVD releases are signed so that you can <a +href="verify">verify they are authentic</a>.</p> + +<p>Debian is available for different computer architectures - make +sure you are getting images that match your computer! (Most people +will need images for <q>amd64</q>, i.e. 64-bit PC-compatible systems.) Once you have +created your own discs, you might be interested in the <a +href="artwork/">artwork for covers of Debian discs</a>.</p> + + <div class="cdflash" id="latest">Latest official release + of the "stable" CD/DVD images: + <strong><current-cd-release></strong>. + <br><small>(Snapshots of the "testing" + distribution are created weekly.)</small></div> + +# <release-notes> is used in releases/index.wml, sets variables +{#releases#: +#include "releases/index.wml" +:##} + +<p>Information about known installation issues can be found on the +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/debian-installer/">installation +information</a> page.<br> +</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/Makefile b/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/index.wml b/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c8b71b0c2e --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/jigdo-cd/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Downloading Debian CD images with jigdo" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::toc +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/info" +#use wml::debian::installer +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/images.data" +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/devel/debian-installer/images.data" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="134c799c2f934b5ca7ed7cfb8842c0471814d549" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>Jigsaw Download, or short <a href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/">jigdo</a>, +is intended to be the main way of distributing Debian CD images in the +future. Currently, the system works, but is not yet very comfortable to use +because the download manager application is not finished.</p> + +<toc-display/> + +<toc-add-entry name="why">Why jigdo is better than a direct download</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Because it +is faster! For various reasons, there are far fewer mirrors for CD images +than there are for the "normal" Debian archive. Consequently, if you +download from a CD image mirror, that mirror will not only be further away +from you, it will also be overloaded, especially just after a release.</p> + +<p>Furthermore, some types of images are not available as full +<tt>.iso</tt> downloads because there is not enough space on our +servers to host them.</p> + +<p>Of course, a "normal" Debian mirror does not carry any CD images, so how +can jigdo download them there? jigdo achieves this by downloading +individually all the files that are on the CD. In the next step, all these +files are assembled in one big file which +is an exact copy of the CD image. However, all this happens +behind the scenes - all that <em>you</em> need to do is tell the download +tool the location of a "<tt>.jigdo</tt>" file to process.</p> + +<p>More information is available from the +<a href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/">jigdo homepage</a>. +Volunteers willing to help with jigdo development are always welcome!</p> + +<toc-add-entry name="how">How to download an image with jigdo</toc-add-entry> + +<ul> + + <li>Download a package containing <tt>jigdo-lite</tt>, which is + available for GNU/Linux, Windows and Solaris from the + <a href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/">jigdo homepage</a>. For FreeBSD, + install from /usr/ports/net-p2p/jigdo or grab the package with <tt>pkg_add + -r jigdo</tt>. + </li> + + <li>Run the <tt>jigdo-lite</tt> script. It will ask for the URL + of a "<tt>.jigdo</tt>" file to process. (You can also supply + that URL on the command line if you like.)</li> + + <li>From one of the locations listed <a href="#which">below</a>, pick the + "<tt>.jigdo</tt>" files you want to download, and enter their URLs + at the <tt>jigdo-lite</tt> prompt. Each "<tt>.jigdo</tt>" file + corresponds to one "<tt>.iso</tt>" CD/DVD image.</li> + + <li>If you are a first-time user, just press Return at the "Files to + scan" prompt.</li> + + <li>At the prompt "Debian mirror", enter either + <kbd>http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/</kbd> or + <kbd>http://ftp.<strong><var>XY</var></strong>.debian.org/debian/</kbd>, where + <strong><var>XY</var></strong> is the two-letter code for your country + (for example, <tt>us</tt>, <tt>de</tt>, <tt>uk</tt>. See the current + list of <a href="$(HOME)/mirror/list">available + ftp.<var>XY</var>.debian.org locations</a>.) + + <li>Follow the instructions printed by the script. If all goes well, the + script finishes by calculating a checksum of the generated image and + telling you that the checksum matches that of the original image.</li> + +</ul> + +<p>For a detailed, step-by-step description of this process, have a +look at the <a href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Debian-Jigdo/">Debian jigdo +mini-HOWTO</a>. The HOWTO also explains jigdo's advanced features, +such as upgrading an older version of a CD image to the current +version (by downloading only what has changed, not the entire new +image).</p> + +<p>Once you have downloaded the images and written them to CD, be sure +to have a look at the <a +href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">detailed information +about the installation process</a>.</p> + +<toc-add-entry name="which">Official images</toc-add-entry> + +<h3>Official jigdo files for the <q>stable</q> release</h3> + +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>CD</strong></p> + <stable-full-cd-jigdo /> +</div> +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> +<p><strong>DVD</strong></p> + <stable-full-dvd-jigdo /> +</div> +<div class="clear"></div> +</div> +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>Blu-ray</strong></p> + <stable-full-bluray-jigdo /> +</div> +</div> + +<p>Be sure to have a look at the documentation before you install. +<strong>If you read only one document</strong> before installing, read our +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/i386/apa">Installation Howto</a>, a quick +walkthrough of the installation process. Other useful documentation includes: +</p> +<ul> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">Installation Guide</a>, + the detailed installation instructions</li> +<li><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller">Debian-Installer + Documentation</a>, including the FAQ with common questions and answers</li> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/debian-installer/#errata">Debian-Installer + Errata</a>, the list of known problems in the installer</li> +</ul> + +<h3>Official jigdo files for the <q>testing</q> distribution</h3> +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>CD</strong></p> + <devel-full-cd-jigdo /> +</div> +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> +<p><strong>DVD</strong></p> + <devel-full-dvd-jigdo /> +</div> +</div> + +<comment> +<toc-add-entry name="unofficial">Unofficial images</toc-add-entry> + +<p>These images are not built and offered by Debian, but by <a +href="http://www.fsn.hu/">fsn://HU</a>:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>fsn://HU jigdo files for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/etch/jigdo/">\ + "testing" distribution</a> on CD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU jigdo files for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/etch-dvd/jigdo/">\ + "testing" distribution</a> on DVD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU jigdo files for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/sid/jigdo/">\ + "unstable" distribution</a> on CD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + + <li>fsn://HU jigdo files for the <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/sid-dvd/jigdo/">\ + "unstable" distribution</a> on DVD (<em>amd64 and i386, regenerated + weekly</em>), <a + href="ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/CDROM-Images/debian-unofficial/MIRRORS">\ + mirrors</a></li> + +</ul> +</comment> + +<hr /> + +<toc-add-entry name="search">Search Contents of CD images</toc-add-entry> + +<p><strong>Which CD/DVD image contains a certain file?</strong> Below, +you can search the lists of files +contained in a wide variety of Debian CD/DVD images. You +can enter several words, each word must match a substring of the +filename. Add e.g. "_i386" to restrict the results to a certain +architecture. Add "_all" to see packages which are identical for all +architectures.</p> + +<form method="get" action="https://cdimage-search.debian.org/"><p> +<input type="hidden" name="search_area" value="release"> +<input type="hidden" name="type" value="simple"> +<input type="text" name="query" size="20" value=""> +# Translators: "Search" is translatable +<input type="submit" value="Search"></p></form> + +<p><strong>What files are contained in a certain image?</strong> If +you need a list of <em>all</em> files that a certain Debian CD/DVD +contains, just look in the image's corresponding <tt>list.gz</tt> file +on <a +href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/">cdimage.debian.org</a>.</p> + +<hr> + +<toc-add-entry name="faq">Frequently Asked/Answered Questions</toc-add-entry> + +<p><strong>How do I make jigdo use my proxy?</strong></p> + +<p>Load the file <tt>~/.jigdo-lite</tt> (or +<tt>jigdo-lite-settings.txt</tt> for the Windows version) into a text +editor and find the line that starts with "wgetOpts". The following +switches can be added to the line:</p> + +<p><tt>-e ftp_proxy=http://<i>LOCAL-PROXY</i>:<i>PORT</i>/</tt> +<br><tt>-e http_proxy=http://<i>LOCAL-PROXY</i>:<i>PORT</i>/</tt> +<br><tt>--proxy-user=<i>USER</i></tt> +<br><tt>--proxy-passwd=<i>PASSWORD</i></tt></p> + +<p>Of course, substitute the correct values for your proxy server. The +last two options are only necessary if your proxy uses password +authentication. The switches need to be added to the end of the +wgetOpts line <em>before</em> the final <tt>'</tt> character. All +options must be on one line.</p> + +<p>Alternatively, under Linux you can also set up the +<tt>ftp_proxy</tt> and <tt>http_proxy</tt> environment variables, for +example in the file <tt>/etc/environment</tt> or +<tt>~/.bashrc</tt>.</p> + +<p><strong>Aargh! The script fails with an error - have I downloaded all +those MBs in vain?!</strong></p> + +<p>Of course this Should Not Happen(tm), but for various reasons you +may end up in a state where a large "<tt>.iso.tmp</tt>" file has +already been generated and <tt>jigdo-lite</tt> appears to have +problems, telling you repeatedly to try restarting the download. There +are several possible things to try in this case:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>Simply restart the download by pressing Return. Maybe some of + the files could not be downloaded because of timeouts or other + transient errors - another attempt will be made to download any + missing files.</li> + + <li>Try a different mirror. Some Debian mirrors are slightly out of + sync - maybe a different mirror still holds files that were deleted + from the one you specified, or it has already been updated with + files that are not yet present on your mirror.</li> + + <li>Retrieve the missing parts of the image using <tt><a + href="http://rsync.samba.org/">rsync</a></tt>. First, you need to + find out the correct rsync URL of the image you are downloading: + Choose a server that offers rsync access to the <a + href="../mirroring/rsync-mirrors">stable</a> or <a + href="../http-ftp/#testing">testing</a> images, then determine the + correct path and filename. Directory listings can be obtained with + commands like + <tt>rsync rsync://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/</tt> + + <br>Next, remove the "<tt>.tmp</tt>" extension from + <tt>jigdo-lite</tt>'s temporary file by renaming it, and pass both + the remote URL and the local filename to rsync: + <tt>rsync rsync://server.org/path/binary-i386-1.iso + binary-i386-1.iso</tt> + + <br>You may want to use rsync's <tt>--verbose</tt> and + <tt>--progress</tt> switches to get status messages, and + <tt>--block-size=8192</tt> to increase its speed.</li> + + <li>If all else fails, your downloaded data is still not lost: Under + Linux, you can loop-mount the <tt>.tmp</tt> file to access the + packages that were already downloaded, and reuse them for generating + an image from a newer jigdo file (such as the latest weekly testing + snapshot if your failed download was also a testing snapshot). To do + this, first issue the following commands as root in the directory + with the broken download: <tt>mkdir mnt; + mount -t iso9660 -o loop *.tmp mnt</tt>. + Next, start a new download in a different directory, and enter the + path of the <tt>mnt</tt> directory at the "Files to scan" + prompt.</li> + +</ul> diff --git a/greek/CD/live/Makefile b/greek/CD/live/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/live/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/live/index.wml b/greek/CD/live/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f663bd9c60 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/live/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Live install images" +#use wml::debian::release_info +#use wml::debian::installer +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/images.data" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="566eb2b064b9f0ba2857df0113835d39cd34e5c2" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>A <q>live install</q> image contains a Debian system that can boot without +modifying any files on the hard drive and also allows installation of Debian +from the contents of the image. +</p> + +<p><a name="choose_live"><strong>Is a live image suitable for me?</strong></a> Here are some things +to consider that will help you decide. +<ul> +<li><b>Flavors:</b> The live images come in several "flavors" +providing a choice of desktop environments (GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Xfce, +Cinnamon and MATE). Many users will find these initial package +selections suitable, installing any additional packages they need from +the network afterwards. +<li><b>Architecture:</b> Only images for the two most popular architectures, +32-bit PC (i386) and 64-bit PC (amd64), are currently provided. +<li><b>Size:</b> Each image is much smaller than the full set of +DVD images, but larger than the network install media. +<li><b>Languages:</b> The images do not contain a complete set of language +support packages. If you need input methods, fonts and supplemental language +packages for your language, you'll need to install these afterwards. +</ul> + +<p>The following live install images are available for download:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>Official <q>live install</q> images for the <q>stable</q> release — <a + href="#live-install-stable">see below</a></li> + +</ul> + + +<h2 id="live-install-stable">Official live install images for the <q>stable</q> release</h2> + +<p>Offered in different flavours, each differing in size as discussed above, these +images are suitable for trying a Debian system comprised of a selected default set of +packages and then install it from the same media.</p> + +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>DVD/USB (via <a +href="$(HOME)/CD/torrent-cd">BitTorrent</a>)</strong></p> +<p><q>Hybrid</q> ISO image files suitable for writing to DVD-R(W) +media, and also USB keys of the appropriate size. If you can use +BitTorrent, please do, as it reduces the load on our servers.</p> + <stable-live-install-bt-cd-images /> +</div> + +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> <p><strong>DVD/USB</strong></p> +<p><q>Hybrid</q> ISO image files suitable for writing to DVD-R(W) +media, and also USB keys of the appropriate size.</p> + <stable-live-install-iso-cd-images /> +</div> </div> + +<p>For information about what these files are and how to use them, please see +the <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a>.</p> + +<p>If you intend to install Debian from the downloaded live image, +be sure to have a look at the +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">detailed +information about the installation process</a>.</p> + +<p>See the <a href="$(HOME)/devel/debian-live">Debian Live Project page</a> for +more information about the Debian Live systems provided by these images.</p> + diff --git a/greek/CD/mirroring/Makefile b/greek/CD/mirroring/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/mirroring/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/mirroring/index.wml b/greek/CD/mirroring/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3aef326df40 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/mirroring/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Becoming a mirror for Debian CD images" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::toc +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="886eba8181a465004791c1e2f02e918777264491" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>To become a Debian CD Image mirror site, you need a Linux or +Unix-like machine with a permanent, reliable connection to the +Internet. Debian CD mirrors hold <tt>.iso</tt> images for CDs and DVDs +of various sizes, files for <a +href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/">jigdo</a> (<tt>.jigdo</tt> and +<tt>.template</tt>), <a +href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a> files +(<tt>.torrent</tt>) and verification files for the images +(<tt>SHA256SUMS*</tt>, <tt>SHA512SUMS*</tt> and other).</p> + +<toc-display/> + +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="master">Master site</toc-add-entry> + +<p><!-- There are two locations for mirroring, one for stable images and +one for beta/unstable/testing images. -->The URLs of the master site are +shown below - however, <strong>please</strong> consider mirroring from +another nearby mirror (mirror lists: <a +href="../http-ftp/">HTTP/FTP</a>, <a href="rsync-mirrors">rsync</a>) +if possible. Access to the master site may be restricted around +release time.</p> + +<p>Also be aware that a <strong>huge</strong> amount of data is stored +in these directories - read the <a href="#exclude">section below</a> +for details on how to cut down the size by excluding certain +files.</p> + +<ul> + + <li>Stable images (updated for each stable release):<br> + + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/" + ><tt>https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/</tt></a><br> + + <a href="ftp://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/" + ><tt>ftp://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/</tt></a><br> + + <tt>rsync://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/</tt> + + </li> + + <li>Weekly images:<br> + + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/" + ><tt>https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/</tt></a><br> + + <a href="ftp://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/" + ><tt>ftp://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/</tt></a><br> + + <tt>rsync://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/</tt> + + </li> + + <li>Daily images:<br> + + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/" + ><tt>https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/</tt></a><br> + + <a href="ftp://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/" + ><tt>ftp://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/</tt></a><br> + + <tt>rsync://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/</tt> + + </li> + +<!-- + <li>Beta/unstable/testing images:<br> + + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/pub/cdimage-testing/" + ><tt>https://cdimage.debian.org/pub/cdimage-testing/</tt></a><br> + + <a href="ftp://cdimage.debian.org/pub/cdimage-testing/" + ><tt>ftp://cdimage.debian.org/pub/cdimage-testing/</tt></a><br> + + <tt>rsync://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage-testing/</tt> + + </li> +--> + +</ul> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="httpftp">Mirroring using HTTP/FTP is +discouraged</toc-add-entry> + +<p>You should not use FTP or HTTP to update your mirror. These +transfer methods have a high failure probability because of the +enormous size of the files.</p> + +<p>Furthermore, HTTP and FTP do not include integrity checks of the +downloaded data, it is more likely that aborted downloads or data +corruption will go unnoticed.</p> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="rsync">Mirroring using rsync is +acceptable</toc-add-entry> + +<p>The <a href="http://rsync.samba.org/"><kbd>rsync</kbd></a> program +is a good solution for mirroring. It is less efficient than the other, +Debian-specific mirroring solution below, but may be easier to set +up. Furthermore, it ensures that all files are transferred correctly +and that the metadata (e.g. timestamps) is kept in sync just like the +file data.</p> + +<p>See the section <a href="#exclude">Excluding files from +mirroring</a> for examples of <kbd>--include</kbd> and +<kbd>--exclude</kbd> switches. The <a href="rsync-mirrors">list of +rsync mirrors</a> is available on a separate page.</p> + +<p>Use at least the options <strong><kbd>--times --links --hard-links --partial +--block-size=8192</kbd></strong>. This will preserve modification time, +symlinks and hardlinks, and use a block size of 8192 bytes (most efficient +for CD images). When modification time and size are the same, +<kbd>rsync</kbd> will just leave the file alone, so <kbd>--times</kbd> is +really obligatory.</p> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="jigdolite">Mirroring using jigdo-lite is +discouraged</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Recent versions of the <a +href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/"><kbd>jigdo-lite</kbd></a> program +support batch downloading of multiple images. However, we do not +recommend to use <kbd>jigdo-lite</kbd> to create Debian CD mirrors - +use <kbd>jigdo-mirror</kbd> instead.</p> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="jigdomirror">Mirroring using jigdo-mirror is +recommended</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Actually, this means: Mirror the <tt>.iso</tt> files using <a +href="http://atterer.org/jigdo/"><kbd>jigdo-mirror</kbd></a>, then (if +you also want to mirror other types of files, e.g. <tt>.jigdo</tt> and +<tt>.template</tt> files) run rsync over the directory to fetch the +rest. The scripts on <a +href="http://www.acc.umu.se/~maswan/debian-push/cdimage/">this +page</a> might help when setting this up.</p> + +<p>A lot of people maintain "regular" Debian mirrors (<kbd>debian/</kbd>), +or just have such a mirror nearby. This means that they already have the +<tt>.deb</tt>s that are included in the CD images. The obvious +question is -- why can't we use those same files in the CD images?</p> + +<p><kbd>jigdo-mirror</kbd> is a program that enables one to generate a +Debian CD images using the files from a "normal" mirror, plus a few extra +jigdo template files.</p> + +<p>First off, you need the jigdo template files. See +<a href="../jigdo-cd">the jigdo information page</a> for links. +Fetch the files for each architecture you wish to build images for.</p> + +<p>Create <kbd>~/.jigdo-mirror</kbd> file to configure the program. +This is an example:</p> + +<pre> +jigdoDir="/where/you/keep/mirrors/debian-cd/current/jigdo" +imageDir="/where/you/keep/mirrors/debian-cd/current/images" +tmpDir="/where/you/keep/mirrors/debian-cd/current/images" +debianMirror="file:/where/you/keep/mirrors/debian" +include='i386/|sparc/|powerpc/|source/'; exclude='-1\.' +</pre> + +<p>The <i>include</i> and <i>exclude</i> variables contain the list of +architectures you wish to create images for (regular expressions, +rather). For more information, see the <kbd>jigdo-mirror</kbd> manual +page or the source itself (it's a shell script with a lot of comments).</p> + +<p>After you've configured it, simply run <kbd>jigdo-mirror</kbd> and it +will do everything on its own. It will make a lot of output and probably +take a while, so we suggest that you make steps to handle that (run it in +screen, redirect the output into a file etc).</p> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="pushmirror">How to become a push +mirror</toc-add-entry> + +<p>Whenever new images are available, the master site can send a +message to its mirrors and make them start updating immediately. This +way, the new data is "pushed" out rather than "pulled" by the mirrors +during their next daily update, which leads to faster propagation of +new image releases.</p> + +<p>If you want your mirror to be part of this update system, have a +look at <a href="http://www.acc.umu.se/~maswan/debian-push/cdimage/" +>this page</a>.</p> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="exclude">Excluding files from +mirroring</toc-add-entry> + +<p>To reduce the amount of storage required by your Debian CD mirror, +you can exclude certain files from being mirrored. The following +instructions include command line switches for <kbd>rsync</kbd>, but +might help you even if you use a different tool for mirroring. With +<kbd>rsync</kbd>, <kbd>--include</kbd> and <kbd>--exclude</kbd> +switches are considered in order of appearance, and the first switch +whose file pattern matches determines whether the file is excluded or +included.</p> + +<ul> + + <li><strong>Exclude source code:</strong> + <kbd>--exclude=source/</kbd><br> + + This will prevent images containing source code from being + mirrored. Note that some people consider it inappropriate to offer + binaries of GPL-licensed programs on a server without also offering + the programs' source code <em>on the same server</em>.</li> + + <li><strong>Exclude full images:</strong> + <kbd>--include='*netinst*.iso' + --exclude='*.iso'</kbd><br> + + Exclude all full CD/DVD image sets for all architectures, + <em>but</em> mirror the net-install + <tt>.iso</tt> images. We recommend always to mirror these small + images: Relative to their size, they are extremely useful!</li> + + <li><strong>Exclude full images for non-i386 architectures:</strong> + <kbd>--include='*netinst*.iso' + --include='i386/**.iso' --exclude='*.iso'</kbd><br> + + As above, but <em>do</em> include all CD/DVD images for the i386 + architecture.</li> + + <li><strong>Exclude full images, except for i386 CDs 1 to + 3:</strong> + <kbd>--include='*netinst*.iso' --include='i386/**-[1-3].iso' + --exclude='*.iso'</kbd><br> + + The full set of i386 images may still take too much space for you if + it includes DVD and dual-layer DVD images. This excludes all + <tt>.iso</tt> images except for the net-install images and the first + three i386 CDs.</li> + + <li><strong>Exclude all architectures except i386:</strong> + <kbd>--exclude=alpha/ --exclude=arm/ --exclude=hppa/ --exclude=hurd/ + --exclude=ia64/ --exclude=m68k/ --exclude=mips/ --exclude=mipsel/ + --exclude=powerpc/ --exclude=s390/ --exclude=sh/ + --exclude=sparc/</kbd><br> + + Only include the full set of files for i386, do not include any + <tt>.jigdo</tt>, <tt>.iso</tt> etc files whatsoever for the other + architectures.</li> + +</ul> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="names">Naming conventions and size requirements +for <tt>.iso</tt> images</toc-add-entry> + +<p>The different variants of <tt>.iso</tt> images are distinguishable by +their names, allowing you to restrict the types of images you +mirror:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><strong><tt>*-netinst.iso</tt></strong>: One image for each + architecture, up to 300 MB</li> + + <li><strong><tt>*-dvd.iso</tt></strong> (single-layer DVDs): + Multiple images for i386 only, each up to 4482 MB large. For + sarge, the accumulated size of the i386 images is about + 9000 MB.</li> + + <li><strong><tt>*-dldvd.iso</tt></strong> (dual-layer DVDs): As + above, except that individual images are up to 8106 MB + large. For sarge, no <tt>.iso</tt> images are available, only jigdo + files.</li> + + <li><strong><tt>*.iso</tt></strong>: All remaining <tt>.iso</tt> + files which do not match one of the above patterns are CD + images. There are multiple images for each architecture, each up to + 650 MB large. The accumulated size of all images and + architectures equals the <a href="/mirror/size">size of a full + Debian mirror</a> (100 GB as of this writing).</li> + +</ul> +#______________________________________________________________________ + +<toc-add-entry name="register">Registering the mirror</toc-add-entry> + +<p>To make your CD image mirror useful to a wider audience, +you can register it in our mirror list such as +<a href="../http-ftp/">this one</a> or <a href="rsync-mirrors">this one</a>. +However, since full images are large files, this might cause you +many gigabytes of network traffic per day.</p> + +<p>You can register your mirror either by filling out +<a href="$(HOME)/mirror/submit">the mirror submission form</a> +(note that the CDImage-* fields are the important ones), or by +sending an e-mail to +<a href="mailto:debian-cd@lists.debian.org">\ +debian-cd@lists.debian.org</a>.</p> + +<p>We appreciate all new CD image mirrors. Thanks in advance!</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/mirroring/rsync-mirrors.wml b/greek/CD/mirroring/rsync-mirrors.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08e1b46e979 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/mirroring/rsync-mirrors.wml @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="List of rsync mirrors for Debian CD images" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="d15cbd4e121ea975532c1dda0bc1b79f69cee45d" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>These are the addresses of the Debian CD Image +<a href="http://rsync.samba.org/">rsync</a> mirrors. Note that some mirrors +may not be completely up to date. This list only contains sites that carry +<em>official</em> Debian images.</p> + +<p><strong>Note:</strong> These sites do <em>not</em> necessarily offer the +images via FTP or HTTP - no use in trying! Instead, they use the rsync +protocol, which is much more efficient for our purposes. If you are looking +for HTTP/FTP download links, see the <a href="../http-ftp/">list of HTTP/FTP +mirrors</a>.</p> + +<p>If you get "Access Denied" from a lot of sites, you are +probably behind a firewall that is blocking the rsync port (873). +Ask your system administrator to reconfigure the +firewall.</p> + +#use wml::debian::countries +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/CD/mirroring/cdimage_mirrors.list" diff --git a/greek/CD/misc.wml b/greek/CD/misc.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..65f55a0e68f --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/misc.wml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Debian CD images - miscellaneous items" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="064da998e8fb972077f1cd697cdea4034a9e4ac5" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>The following pages are not directly accessible via the menu +bar at the top of each page:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><a href="artwork/">Artwork for covers of Debian CDs</a></li> + + <li><a href="mirroring/">Becoming a Debian CD mirror</a></li> + + <li><a href="mirroring/rsync-mirrors">List of rsync mirrors for + Debian CD images</a></li> + + <li><a href="releases/">Release information about CD images</a></li> + +</ul> diff --git a/greek/CD/netinst/Makefile b/greek/CD/netinst/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/netinst/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/netinst/index.wml b/greek/CD/netinst/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80710243ca6 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/netinst/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Network install from a minimal CD" +#use wml::debian::release_info +#use wml::debian::installer +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/images.data" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="40eeef5c10b97819abf8467d7f2a8038a8729ff8" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>A <q>network install</q> or <q>netinst</q> CD is a single CD which enables +you to install the entire operating system. This single CD contains +just the minimal amount of software to start the installation and +fetch the remaining packages over the Internet.</p> + +<p><strong>What's better for me — the minimal bootable CD-ROM or the +full CDs?</strong> It depends, but we think that in many cases the +minimal CD image is better — above all, you only download the packages +that you selected for installation on your machine, which saves both +time and bandwidth. On the other hand, the full CDs are more suitable +when installing on more than one machine, or on machines without a +free Internet connection.</p> + +<p><strong>What types of network connections are supported +during installation?</strong> +The network install assumes that you have a connection to the +Internet. Various different ways are supported for this, like +analogue PPP dial-up, Ethernet, WLAN (with some restrictions), but +ISDN is not — sorry!</p> + +<p>The following minimal bootable CD images are available for +download:</p> + +<ul> + + <li>Official <q>netinst</q> images for the <q>stable</q> release — <a + href="#netinst-stable">see below</a></li> + + <li>Images for the <q>testing</q> release, both daily builds and known + working snapshots, see the <a + href="$(DEVEL)/debian-installer/">Debian-Installer page</a>.</li> + +</ul> + + +<h2 id="netinst-stable">Official netinst images for the <q>stable</q> release</h2> + +<p>Up to 300 MB in size, this image contains the installer and a +small set of packages which allows the installation of a (very) basic +system.</p> + +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>netinst CD image (via <a href="$(HOME)/CD/torrent-cd">bittorrent</a>)</strong></p> + <stable-netinst-torrent /> +</div> +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> +<p><strong>netinst CD image (generally 150-300 MB, varies by architecture)</strong></p> + <stable-netinst-images /> +</div> +<div class="clear"></div> +</div> + +<p>For information what these files are and how to use them, please see +the <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a>.</p> + +<p>Once you have downloaded the images, be sure to have a look at the +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">detailed +information about the installation process</a>.</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/releases/Makefile b/greek/CD/releases/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/releases/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/releases/index.wml b/greek/CD/releases/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3e50d70fed --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/releases/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,310 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Release information about Debian CD images" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="6f0063b49127f977a7a185b807cf862c694c66b0" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>This page contains historic last-minute information regarding official +Debian CD images.</p> + +<p>Information on installation issues for releases after those listed below +is available from the <q>installation information</q> page for each release. +For the current stable release, this information can be found +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/debian-installer/">here</a>.</p> + +<p> +<strong>The list below is no longer being maintained.</strong> +</p> + +<hrline /> + +<dl> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 4.0 rev2" version="4.0 rev2"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 4.0 rev1" version="4.0 rev1"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 4.0 rev0" version="4.0 rev0"> + + <p>If you install from CD-ROM or DVD and also choose to use a network + mirror during the installation, there is a possibility that after the + installation there will be lines referring to <q>sarge</q> instead + of <q>etch</q> in the file <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt>.<br /> + This can only happen if the mirror you selected is not up-to-date + and still has sarge as the stable release. Users installing etch + from CD/DVD shortly after the release are recommended to check their + <tt>sources.list</tt> file after the installation and replace + <q>sarge</q> with <q>etch</q> if needed.</p> + + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev6a" version="3.1 rev6a"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev6" version="3.1 rev6"> + <p>A bug was discovered in the 3.1r6 installation CD/DVD images: + installations would fail immediately due to a missing <q>oldstable</q> + symbolic link. However, the update CD/DVD images work correctly.</p> + <p>This issue was resolved in the 3.1r6a images.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev5" version="3.1 rev5"> + + <p>During installations for the architectures i386, hppa, ia64 and + s390, the installer may select an incorrect kernel for your system.<br /> + You can work around this issue by booting the installer with the parameter + <tt>debconf/priority=medium</tt>. This will result in a full list of + available kernels being shown, from which you can manually select the flavor + that is appropriate for your system.</p> + + <p>Apologies for any inconvenience this may cause; we expect to fix + this issue for r6.</p> + + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev4" version="3.1 rev4"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev3" version="3.1 rev3"> + + <p>CD#1 contains extra files that should have been deleted, but + were missed when releasing 3.1r3. This causes two problems:</p> + + <ul> + <li>The kernel installed using these images will, in some cases, + not be the latest kernel on the CD, but rather the previous + version. Update the kernel specifically after installation and + all should be fine.</li> + + <li>As the extra files on CD#1 take up extra space, some of the + normal installation tasks will no longer fit there. If you want + to install all the tasks from CD only, you will need to use CD#2 + as well.</li> + </ul> + + <p>Apologies for any hassle this may cause; we expect to fix this + issue for r4. DVD images and network installs should not be + affected.</p> + + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev2" version="3.1 rev2"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev1" version="3.1 rev1"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev0a" version="3.1 rev0a"> + <p>The CD's README states that the CD is an unofficial beta. The + README is wrong, it <em>is</em> the official CD release. Sorry for + the confusion.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.1 rev0" version="3.1 rev0"> + <p>Installations from these images will + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2005/06/msg00003.html"> + install an incorrect line for security updates in + /etc/apt/sources.list</a>.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev6" version="3.0 rev6"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev5" version="3.0 rev5"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev4" version="3.0 rev4"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev3" version="3.0 rev3"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev2" version="3.0 rev2"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev1" version="3.0 rev1"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 3.0 rev0" version="3.0 rev0"> + <p>The CD's README states that the CD is an unofficial beta. The + README is wrong, it <em>is</em> the official CD release. Sorry for + the confusion.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 2.2 rev7" version="2.2 rev7"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 2.2 rev6" version="2.2 rev6"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <release-notes title="Official Debian 2.2 rev5" version="2.2 rev5"> + <p>No known problems.</p> + </release-notes> + +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <dt><strong>Official Debian 2.2 rev4 and rev4.1</strong></dt> + <dd>\ + <p>The original 2.2rev4 CDs for the powerpc architecture + were not bootable. They were regenerated - the resulting + 2.2rev4.1 release does not differ from 2.2rev4 except on + powerpc.</p>\ + </dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + <dt><strong>Official Debian 2.2 rev3</strong></dt> + <dd> + <p>Toshiba laptops are reported to have problems booting off the CDs + because their BIOS + <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-0104/msg01326.html">cannot + handle</a> 2.88MB boot images. The easiest way to start installing + Debian on these machines is by running <tt>boot.bat</tt> from the + <tt>install/</tt> directory of the Binary-1 CD.</p> + + <p>Not all packages from section <q>contrib</q> are included on the CDs, + since they depend on non-free packages that are also not on the CDs.</p> + + <p>The problems with the <tt>gpm</tt> text-mode mouse driver have still + not been resolved. See in the <q>2.2 rev0</q> section below for more + info.</p> + + </dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Official Debian 2.2 rev2</strong></dt> + <dd> + <p>Not all packages from section <q>contrib</q> are included on + the CDs, since they depend on non-free packages that are + also not on the CDs.</p> + + <p>The problems with the <tt>gpm</tt> text-mode mouse + driver have still not been resolved. See in the <q>2.2 rev0</q> + section below for more info.</p> + </dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Official Debian 2.2 rev1</strong></dt> + <dd><p>No CD images were created for the 2.2 rev1 + release.</p></dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Official Debian 2.2 rev0</strong></dt> + <dd> + <p>Not all packages from section <q>contrib</q> are included on the CDs, + since they depend on non-free packages that are also not on the CDs.</p> + + <p><strong>i386</strong>: There are some issues with the <tt>gpm</tt> + text-mode mouse driver while running the X Window System. The easiest + solution is to remove the line + <tt>repeat_type=<em><something></em></tt> from + <tt>/etc/gpm.conf</tt>, running <q><tt>/etc/init.d/gpm restart</tt></q> + and then restart X. Other solutions are possible, ask the + <a href="mailto:gpm@packages.debian.org">gpm maintainer</a> to supply + more documentation.</p> + + <p><strong>i386</strong>: The previously available Binary-2 CD image had + a one-bit problem that prevented the package <q><tt>pdksh</tt></q> from being + installed. Repairing your own image is very easy with the + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/~costar/correct_cds/correct-i386-2.c">correct-i386-2.c</a> + program.</p> + + <p>Thanks to <a href="mailto:kteague@sprocket.dhis.net">Ken Teague</a> + we also have a precompiled + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/~costar/correct_cds/correct-i386-2.zip">Windows + version</a>; usage: extract the <tt>.zip</tt> in the dir where the + <tt>binary-i386-2.iso</tt> file is sitting, then in a DOS box change to + that directory and give the command <q><tt>correct-i386-2 + binary-i386-2.iso</tt></q>.</p> + + <p>If you have a CD-ROM, which you obviously cannot repair, the easiest + option to get <tt>pdksh</tt> is to + <a href="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/potato/main/binary-i386/shells/pdksh_5.2.14-1.deb">download + it</a> (212 kB) and install with <q><tt>dpkg -i pdksh_5.2.14-1.deb</tt></q>. + But you can also copy the file from the CD to a temporary directory and + use the same + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/~costar/correct_cds/correct-i386-2.c">correct-i386-2.c</a> + program, but then you should modify it so that <tt>POS</tt> is + <tt>0x64de</tt>.</p> + + <p><strong>PowerPC</strong>: The powerpc Binary-1_NONUS and Binary-3 CD + images are also plagued by a one-bit problem, preventing + <q><tt>smbfs</tt></q> and <q><tt>gimp-manual</tt></q> respectively from being + installed. Repaired versions are (slowly) propagating to the mirrors, + but you can repair your own images very easily with the + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/~costar/correct_cds/correct-powerpc-1_NONUS.c">correct-powerpc-1_NONUS.c</a> + and + <a href="https://cdimage.debian.org/~costar/correct_cds/correct-powerpc-3.c">correct-powerpc-3.c</a> + programs. These also contain information on repairing the affected + packages individually when copied from CD (which is especially useful + for the 15MB-sized <q><tt>gimp-manual</tt></q>).</p> + + <p><strong>Sparc</strong>: The 2.2 rev0 CDs have a problem when booting + from the Binary-1 CD. This has been solved in the 2.2 rev0a (or + 2.2_rev0_CDa) version of the sparc CDs.</p> + + <p>Sparc: If X does not start correctly, and the error message mentions + the mouse, and you are <em>not</em> running the <tt>gpm</tt> text-mode + mouse driver, <q><tt>rm -f /dev/gpmdata</tt></q> might help.</p> + + <p><strong>Alpha</strong>: The 2.2 rev0 CDs may prove problematic when + booting from the Binary-1 CD. To solve that, boot with <q><tt>-flags + i</tt></q>, then enter at the aboot prompt: + <br /> + <tt> aboot> b /linux + initrd=/boot/root.bin root=/dev/ram</tt> + <br /> + This problem has been corrected in the 2.2 rev0a (or 2.2_rev0_CDa) + version of the alpha CDs.</p> + </dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Potato test-cycle-3</strong></dt> + <dd><p>The <tt>gpm</tt> text-mode mouse driver has some problems. You + should <strong>not</strong> run the <tt>mouse-test</tt> program, and you + will have to do <q><tt>/etc/init.d/gpm stop</tt></q> before you can use + the mouse in X.</p></dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Potato test-cycle-2</strong></dt> + <dd><p>The <tt>gpm</tt> text-mode mouse driver has some problems. You + should <strong>not</strong> run the <tt>mouse-test</tt> program, and you + will have to do <q><tt>/etc/init.d/gpm stop</tt></q> before you can use + the mouse in X.</p></dd> +# ------------------------------------------------------------ + + <dt><strong>Potato test-cycle-1</strong></dt> + <dd><p>No relevant information</p></dd> + +</dl> diff --git a/greek/CD/torrent-cd/Makefile b/greek/CD/torrent-cd/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/torrent-cd/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/torrent-cd/index.wml b/greek/CD/torrent-cd/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2df2c6ce871 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/torrent-cd/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Downloading Debian CD images with BitTorrent" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::toc +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/info" +#use wml::debian::installer +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/images.data" +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/devel/debian-installer/images.data" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="e8bc071549727e1ed1d215013db8ccabd37bb3e0" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a> +is a peer to peer download system optimised for large numbers of +downloaders. It puts minimal load on our servers because BitTorrent clients +upload pieces of files to others while downloading, thus spreading the load +across the network and making blazing fast downloads possible. +</p> +<div class="tip"> +<p>The <strong>first</strong> CD/DVD disk contains all the files necessary +to install a standard Debian system.<br /> +To avoid needless downloads, please do <strong>not</strong> download +other CD or DVD image files unless you know that you need packages on +them.</p> +</div> +<p> +You will need a BitTorrent client to download Debian CD/DVD images +this way. The Debian distribution includes +<a href="https://packages.debian.org/bittornado">BitTornado</a>, +<a href="https://packages.debian.org/ktorrent">KTorrent</a> and the original +<a href="https://packages.debian.org/bittorrent">BitTorrent</a> tools. +Other operating systems are supported by <a +href="http://www.bittornado.com/download.html">BitTornado</a> and <a +href="https://www.bittorrent.com/download">BitTorrent</a>. +</p> +<h3>Official torrents for the <q>stable</q> release</h3> + +<div class="line"> +<div class="item col50"> +<p><strong>CD</strong></p> + <stable-full-cd-torrent> +</div> +<div class="item col50 lastcol"> +<p><strong>DVD</strong></p> + <stable-full-dvd-torrent> +</div> +<div class="clear"></div> +</div> + +<p>Be sure to have a look at the documentation before you install. +<strong>If you read only one document</strong> before installing, read our +<a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/i386/apa">Installation Howto</a>, a quick +walkthrough of the installation process. Other useful documentation includes: +</p> +<ul> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/installmanual">Installation Guide</a>, + the detailed installation instructions</li> +<li><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller">Debian-Installer + Documentation</a>, including the FAQ with common questions and answers</li> +<li><a href="$(HOME)/releases/stable/debian-installer/#errata">Debian-Installer + Errata</a>, the list of known problems in the installer</li> +</ul> + +# <h3>Official torrents for the <q>testing</q> distribution</h3> +# +# <ul> +# +# <li><strong>CD</strong>:<br /> +# <full-cd-torrent> +# </li> +# +# <li><strong>DVD</strong>:<br /> +# <full-dvd-torrent> +# </li> +# +# </ul> + +<p> +If you can, please leave your client running after your download is complete, +to help others download images faster! +</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/Makefile b/greek/CD/vendors/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c26323c0c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(subst webwml/greek,webwml/english,$(CURDIR))/Makefile diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/adding-form.wml b/greek/CD/vendors/adding-form.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b14b0a800c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/adding-form.wml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Submit CD vendor information" +#use wml::debian::countries +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="8c7c1ae9759fa292ec185218b009c0dafb0002ea" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>If you would like to submit information about a vendor of Debian CDs, +you can do so using the form below.</p> + +<p>If you are considering selling Debian CDs, you should make sure +you have examined our <a href="info">vendor information</a> page.</p> + +<p>Most information provided will be displayed in the vendor list. +In particular, the e-mail address will also be displayed in the list, +and will be available to all users.</p> + +<p>It is important that you keep this information up to date. We try to +check the vendor sites every now and then and if, for example, the web page +no longer exists or mail bounces, we delete that entry.</p> + +<form method=post action="https://cgi.debian.org/cgi-bin/submit_cdvendor.pl"> + +<h2>CD vendor information</h2> + +<p> +<input type="radio" name="submissiontype" value="new" checked> +New vendor listing submission + +<input type="radio" name="submissiontype" value="update"> +Update of an existing vendor listing +</p> + +<p>Vendor name: +<input type="text" name="vendor" size="50"></p> + +<p>URL of vendor: +<input type="text" name="url" size="50"></p> + +<p>Do you donate some of the sale price to Debian: +<input type="radio" name="donates" value="yes"> yes +<input type="radio" name="donates" value="no"> no +</p> + +<p>Type(s) of disks sold: <br /> +<label> <input type="checkbox" name="offerscd" value="yes">CD</label> <br /> +<label> <input type="checkbox" name="offersdvd" value="yes">DVD</label> <br /> +</p> + +<p>Country you are in: +<select name="country"> + <: country_list() :> +</select> +</p> + +<p>Do you ship orders overseas: +<select name="shipping"> + <option value="yes">yes</option> + <option value="no">no</option> + <option value="some">some areas</option> + <option value="europe">within Europe</option> +</select> +</p> + +<p>URL of a web page that has information about your Debian CDs: +<input type="text" name="urldebcd" size="50"></p> + +<p>Email address for sales enquiries: +<input type="text" name="email" size="50"></p> + +<p>What architectures your CDs are for:</p> +<table border="0"><tr><td> +<label><input type=checkbox name=architectures value="ALL"> <em>all of them</em></label><br /> +<label><input type=checkbox name=architectures value="multi-arch"> Multi-arch</label><br /> +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/$(TESTING)/release.data" +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/releases/arches.data" +<: +my $na = scalar @arches; $na = int($na / 3 + .5); +foreach my $a (@arches) { + $i++; + my $aname = $arches{$a}; $aname =~ s, ,\ \;,g; + print "<br />\n" if ($i % $na == 0); + print "<label><input type=checkbox name=architectures value=".$a."> ".$aname." [".$a."]</label> \n"; +} +:> +</td></tr></table> + +<table><tr> +<td valign="top">Comment (optional, <em>in English</em>):</td> +<td><textarea name="comment" cols=40 rows=7></textarea></td> +</tr></table> + +# <p>Note: ...</p> + +<p><input type="submit" value="Submit"></p> +</form> + +<p>Your listing should appear on the list within a week, as soon as +a human operator verifies it and includes it. We might email you in +case of any problems with the submitted entry.</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/adding.wml b/greek/CD/vendors/adding.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b140dcb631c --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/adding.wml @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Adding new vendors to the CD vendors list" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="36a5f3c2e6fc935d982de2a73e5e7bb1767f13ce" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>If you are considering selling Debian CDs, you should look at the Debian +<a href="info">vendor information</a> page.</p> + +<p>If you would like to be added to the CD vendors page, send email, in English, to +<email "debian-www@lists.debian.org"> with the +following details:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Vendor Name</li> + <li>URL of Vendor</li> + <li>Whether or not you donate some of the sale price to Debian</li> + <li>Type of CDs sold (see at the <a href="./">top of the main page</a> for details)</li> + <li>Country you are in</li> + <li>Do you ship orders overseas ("yes", "no", "some areas" or "within Europe") + </li> + <li>URL of a web page that has information about your Debian CDs</li> + <li>Email address for sales enquiries</li> + <li>What architectures your CDs are for.</li> +</ul> + +<p>It is important that you keep this information up to date. We try to +check the vendor sites every now and then and if, for example, the web page +no longer exists or mail bounces, we delete that entry.</p> + +<p>You must have a web page (specified by the 'Debian URL' line) that +mentions the Debian CDs you sell. This entry is mandatory if you want to +be listed on our site.</p> diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/index.wml b/greek/CD/vendors/index.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80db4093494 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/index.wml @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Vendors of Debian installation media" BARETITLE=true GEN_TIME=true +#use wml::debian::countries +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="765c2c97976e78cc11ae19d94b561f02334317d0" maintainer="galaxico" + +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/CD/vendors/vendors.inc" + +<p> +<country-list vendors <list_country>> +</p> + +<p>Debian creates and provides its entire distribution free of charge. +Debian does not manufacture its own CDs, DVDs, BDs, or USBs, but relies +on third-party vendors. To make it easier for vendors to provide a +high quality disk, we provide official images for them. This is the +only version that has been fully tested by our testing team and is by +far the most popular way to buy Debian.</p> + +<p> + Some vendors allow customers to pay extra money and donate this to + Debian. Others contribute a portion of sales of Debian disks back to + Debian. This is indicated under <q>Allows Contributions.</q> + We hope that you will consider making a donation to Debian. +</p> + +<p>If you are having trouble with a vendor (e.g. you paid for +installation media but never received them), you can inform us by +sending mail to <email "debian-www@lists.debian.org">.</p> + +<p> + If you want to buy a computer system that has Debian already installed + on it, go to the <a href="$(HOME)/distrib/pre-installed">Debian Pre-installed Page</a>. +</p> + +<p>If you are a Debian installation media vendor or you wish to +become one, please see <a href="info">the information for Debian CD +vendors</a>.</p> + +<hr /> + +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/CD/vendors/vendors.CD" diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/info.wml b/greek/CD/vendors/info.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf9b300a608 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/info.wml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="Information for CD vendors" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="d377aef268f44033788f7d9e6266449cf10bf079" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p>If you want to sell CDs containing Debian, the most important ideas +you should understand are the following:</p> + +<ul> +<li>There are no restrictions on redistribution of the main Debian + distribution. + <br /> + We make sure that all of the software in the main distribution is + released under a license that complies with the + <a href="$(HOME)/social_contract#guidelines">Debian Free Software + Guidelines</a>.</li> +<li>Debian does not sell any products.</li> +<li>Debian is a volunteer organization.</li> +<li>If you decide to sell CDs containing any software from the non-free or non-US portions +of Debian, it is up to you, the vendor, to comply with any applicable laws. +In particular, you must negotiate any required licenses for material in non-free yourself.</li> +<li>Many of the programs on the CDs are distributed under the GNU +General Public License (GPL). Please read the <a href="legal">license +information</a> on how to comply with the GPL.</li> +<li>Debian is a <a href="$(HOME)/trademark">trademark</a>, only reasonable use of +this trademark is allowed.</li> +</ul> + +<p>There are three possibilities for those who want to sell Debian CDs:</p> + +<ul> +<li><strong>Become a reseller of an existing vendor.</strong> +<br /> +Use the list of known +<a href="./">vendors of Debian CDs</a> if you are looking for someone +to act as a supplier. It is important that Debian remain impartial so we +will not recommend suppliers.</li> + +<li><strong>Produce your own CDs using the <a href="../">Official Debian +CD Images</a>.</strong> +<br /> +Note that it is possible to sell the <q>Official Debian CD</q>, and add an extra disk +containing vendor additions and still use the term <q>Official Debian CD</q>. +<br /> +Note: if you just want to install Debian, then you do not +want these images, but want to do a <a href="$(HOME)/distrib/netinst">network +install</a> or <a href="./">buy a CD</a>.</li> + +<li><strong>Produce your own custom CDs.</strong> +<br /> +This requires you to have a local copy of +the Debian archive. Creating custom disks is not difficult, but it is the +vendors responsibility to test the disks before shipping. There have been +problems in the past with vendors selling customized CDs which are not up +to Debian's standards. For this reason, use of the term <q>Official Debian CD</q> +is reserved for those who sell disks made from the Official Debian CD Images.</li> +</ul> + +<h2>Requirements for being added to the vendor list</h2> + +<p>If you would like to be listed on the Debian vendors page, please use +<a href="adding-form">our CD vendor submission form</a>. +Your submission will only be accepted if it fulfills the following requirements:</p> + +<ul> + + <li><strong>Only one entry in the list is allowed for each company!</strong> If +your company operates web shops under several domains, you may only submit +one of them. Any attempt to submit more than one shop will cause <em>all</em> +of your shops to be removed <em>permanently</em>. This is because in our view, +in that case you would be trying to deceive us and our users. Please only +submit one entry!</li> + + <li>The website you submit should list exactly what version of Debian you are + offering, and the architectures for which it is offered.</li> + + <li>The website should offer the current stable Debian release (or a more recent + release like testing/unstable).</li> + + <li>Furthermore, your web pages need to include prices for the disks and for + shipping.</li> + + <li>Finally, there must be information on the page on how to contact you, + both electronically (email address or email form) and offline (postal address).</li> + +</ul> diff --git a/greek/CD/vendors/legal.wml b/greek/CD/vendors/legal.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7442d89d7b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/vendors/legal.wml @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ +#use wml::debian::template title="License Information for CD vendors" +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="4f31f115eea41bd4c733329d18c4bb1561ffdcc0" maintainer="galaxico" + +# Source thread: https://lists.debian.org/debian-legal-0207/msg00192.html + +<p>Since the Debian system consists of a lot software which is +licensed under the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU +General Public License</a> any distributor has to ensure the license +is not infringed. If you are distributing Debian or parts of it in +compiled (binary) form, please read the explanations and the advice +below.</p> + +<p><strong> Because copyright law varies around the world, the Debian +Project cannot provide legal advice. Contact a local attorney for +clarification about your legal obligations when you distribute Debian. +</strong></p> + +<p>Distributing software which is licensed under the GNU GPL in object +code or executable form, either as CD image through the Internet or as +pressed or burned CD, requires the distributor (commercial or +non-commercial) to + +inform the person, who receives the binary form, +how to obtain the source code of the software. The source code has to +be provided to the user for a period of at least three years. +Pointing them only to an FTP server from a third party (i.e. the +Debian project) is not sufficient!</p> + +<p>Quoting and interpreting the GPL:</p> + +<p>3. <em>You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, +under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of +Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:</em></p> + + <p>a) <em>Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable + source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections + 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange;</em></p> + +<p>The distributor provides a copy of the complete and corresponding +source as well as the binary form. If customers are downloading the +binary from some archive on the Internet, then adding the source in +the same archive is good enough; the distributor doesn't have to force +the user to download it.</p> + + <div class="center">OR</div> + + <p>b) <em>Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three + years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your + cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete + machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be + distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium + customarily used for software interchange;</em></p> + +<p>The distributor has to give the customer a written offer to +provide the complete and corresponding source to anyone (not merely +ones own customers) at a later date for a period of at least three +years. The distributor may charge a regular fee for creating and +distributing the source CDs, though. Simply pointing to a third party +(e.g. another company that sells source CDs or the Debian archive) is +not sufficient. If there's no written offer, the source has to be +provided up front.</p> + + <div class="center">OR</div> + + <p>c) <em>Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer + to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is + allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you + received the program in object code or executable form with such + an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)</em></p> + +<p>If the distributor is a non-commercial organization, and if it has +received the binaries with an offer like in paragraph b) above, then the +distributor can merely pass on that offer.</p> + +<h3>Suggested Course of Action</h3> + +<p>Any entity that distributes binary Debian CDs or CD images (or even +binary packages through a different medium, through the Internet, for +example) has to provide the complete and corresponding source code to +all software packages that are released under the Terms of the GNU +GPL.</p> + +<p>If no source CDs are provided regularly, one way to fulfill +this requirement is to burn a CD containing the corresponding source +archives and store it in a shelf. In addition, the distributor +is required to add a written offer valid for at least three years to +the binary distribution, telling the customer that the +complete and corresponding source will be provided on demand.</p> + +<p>The easiest way, however, is to distribute both binary and source +CDs at the same time and at the same price. Since CDs are quite cheap +these days, this will only slightly increase the price. + +<h3>Additional Explanation</h3> + +<p>Pointing to a third party FTP server is not sufficient because of +two issues:</p> + +<ul> + +<li> The customer's claim for the complete and corresponding source is + against the distributor, not against any third party, simply + because the customer received the binary distribution from the + distributor and not from a third party. + +<li> When the third party that was pointed to updates or removes a + source package on their server or source CDs, the customer is not + able to receive the corresponding source package from there + anymore. + +</ul> + +<p>When a source package (released using the GNU GPL) is distributed +or modified and distributed afterwards, one should always place the +source code next to it or store it somewhere else at least. If a +customer or user is requesting the source code at any later time, it +should be possible to provide the corresponding source code.</p> + +<p>The <a href="https://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a> +maintains a list of frequently asked questions and answers (FAQ) that +may be able to add further explanations the above:</p> + +<ol> +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#DoesTheGPLRequireAvailabilityToPublic">\ + If I distribute GPL'd software for a fee, am I required to also + make it available to the public without a charge?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#GPLCommercially">\ + If I use a piece of software that has been obtained under the GNU + GPL, am I allowed to modify the original code into a new program, + then distribute and sell that new program commercially?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#DistributeWithSourceOnInternet">\ + I want to distribute binaries without accompanying sources. Can I + provide source code by FTP instead of by mail order?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#SourceAndBinaryOnDifferentSites">\ + Can I put the binaries on my Internet server and put the source + on a different Internet site?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#DistributeExtendedBinary">\ + I want to distribute an extended version of a GPL-covered program + in binary form. Is it enough to distribute the source for the + original version?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#DistributingSourceIsInconvenient">\ + I want to distribute binaries, but distributing complete source + is inconvenient. Is it ok if I give users the diffs from the + "standard" version along with the binaries?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#AnonFTPAndSendSources">\ + I want to make binaries available for anonymous FTP, but send + sources only to people who order them.</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#HowCanIMakeSureEachDownloadGetsSource">\ + How can I make sure each user who downloads the binaries also + gets the source?</a> + +<li> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq#CompanyGPLCostsMoney">\ + I just found out that a company has a copy of a GPL'ed program, + and it costs money to get it. Aren't they violating the GPL by + not making it available on the Internet?</a> + +</ol> diff --git a/greek/CD/verify.wml b/greek/CD/verify.wml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6cd1e17c25b --- /dev/null +++ b/greek/CD/verify.wml @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +#use wml::debian::cdimage title="Verifying authenticity of Debian CDs" BARETITLE=true +#use wml::debian::translation-check translation="553c55e0ca1d5d45ffeaab254ac5430bed284238" maintainer="galaxico" + +<p> +Official releases of Debian CDs come with signed checksum files; +look for them alongside the images in the <code>iso-cd</code>, +<code>jigdo-dvd</code>, <code>iso-hybrid</code> etc. directories. +These allow you to check that the images you download are correct. +First of all, the checksum can be used to check that the CDs have not +been corrupted during download. +Secondly, the signatures on the checksum files allow you to confirm +that the files are the ones officially released by the Debian CD / +Debian Live team and have not been tampered with. +</p> + +<p> +To validate the contents of a CD image, just be sure to use the +appropriate checksum tool. +Cryptographically strong checksum +algorithms (SHA256 and SHA512) are available for every releases; you should use the tools +<code>sha256sum</code> or <code>sha512sum</code> to work with these. +</p> + +<p> +To ensure that the checksums files themselves are correct, use GnuPG to +verify them against the accompanying signature files (e.g. +<code>SHA512SUMS.sign</code>). +The keys used for these signatures are all in the <a +href="https://keyring.debian.org">Debian GPG keyring</a> and the best +way to check them is to use that keyring to validate via the web of +trust. +To make life easier for users, here are the fingerprints for the keys +that have been used for releases in recent years: +</p> + +#include "$(ENGLISHDIR)/CD/CD-keys.data" |