Add a platform for Performance Co-Pilot (PCP) metrics

This introduces an initial platform for extracting metrics
using the PCP performance metrics API - PMAPI(3).  It can
be used via the --enable-pcp=yes configure option.

So far I've added support for live localhost metrics only,
and only using pre-defined metrics already found in htop.
If available, all sampling is performed by pmcd(1) - else,
we fallback to htop doing the metric sampling itself (all
below the PMAPI).  When pmcd is used, it may be configured
to run children with elevated privileges, so htop does not
need to be setuid (authentication with pmcd is available).

Additionally, the PMAPI allows us to support archives (for
historical analysis and for automated regression tests in
htop).  We'll need platform-specific command line argument
additions, which isn't yet feasible in htop (not difficult
to add though).

The goal of this first version is minimal impact in terms
of modifying the htop codebase, to introduce key ideas in
PCP (metric namespace, metadata, APIs and so on) and give
us something to discuss, experiment with and build on.

1 files changed, 517 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/pcp/PCPProcess.c b/pcp/PCPProcess.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e8f59ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pcp/PCPProcess.c
@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+/*
+htop - PCPProcess.c
+(C) 2014 Hisham H. Muhammad
+(C) 2020 htop dev team
+(C) 2020-2021 Red Hat, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+Released under the GNU GPLv2, see the COPYING file
+in the source distribution for its full text.
+*/
+
+#include "PCPProcess.h"
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "CRT.h"
+#include "Process.h"
+#include "ProvideCurses.h"
+#include "XUtils.h"
+
+/* Used to identify kernel threads in Comm column */
+static const char *const kthreadID = "KTHREAD";
+
+const ProcessFieldData Process_fields[] = {
+   [0] = { .name = "", .title = NULL, .description = NULL, .flags = 0, },
+   [PID] = { .name = "PID", .title = "PID", .description = "Process/thread ID", .flags = 0, .pidColumn = true, },
+   [COMM] = { .name = "Command", .title = "Command ", .description = "Command line", .flags = 0, },
+   [STATE] = { .name = "STATE", .title = "S ", .description = "Process state (S sleeping, R running, D disk, Z zombie, T traced, W paging, I idle)", .flags = 0, },
+   [PPID] = { .name = "PPID", .title = "PPID", .description = "Parent process ID", .flags = 0, },
+   [PGRP] = { .name = "PGRP", .title = "PGRP", .description = "Process group ID", .flags = 0, },
+   [SESSION] = { .name = "SESSION", .title = "SID", .description = "Process's session ID", .flags = 0, },
+   [TTY_NR] = { .name = "TTY_NR", .title = "TTY      ", .description = "Controlling terminal", .flags = 0, },
+   [TPGID] = { .name = "TPGID", .title = "TPGID", .description = "Process ID of the fg process group of the controlling terminal", .flags = 0, },
+   [MINFLT] = { .name = "MINFLT", .title = "     MINFLT ", .description = "Number of minor faults which have not required loading a memory page from disk", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CMINFLT] = { .name = "CMINFLT", .title = "    CMINFLT ", .description = "Children processes' minor faults", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [MAJFLT] = { .name = "MAJFLT", .title = "     MAJFLT ", .description = "Number of major faults which have required loading a memory page from disk", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CMAJFLT] = { .name = "CMAJFLT", .title = "    CMAJFLT ", .description = "Children processes' major faults", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [UTIME] = { .name = "UTIME", .title = " UTIME+  ", .description = "User CPU time - time the process spent executing in user mode", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [STIME] = { .name = "STIME", .title = " STIME+  ", .description = "System CPU time - time the kernel spent running system calls for this process", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CUTIME] = { .name = "CUTIME", .title = " CUTIME+ ", .description = "Children processes' user CPU time", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CSTIME] = { .name = "CSTIME", .title = " CSTIME+ ", .description = "Children processes' system CPU time", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PRIORITY] = { .name = "PRIORITY", .title = "PRI ", .description = "Kernel's internal priority for the process", .flags = 0, },
+   [NICE] = { .name = "NICE", .title = " NI ", .description = "Nice value (the higher the value, the more it lets other processes take priority)", .flags = 0, },
+   [STARTTIME] = { .name = "STARTTIME", .title = "START ", .description = "Time the process was started", .flags = 0, },
+   [PROCESSOR] = { .name = "PROCESSOR", .title = "CPU ", .description = "If of the CPU the process last executed on", .flags = 0, },
+   [M_VIRT] = { .name = "M_VIRT", .title = " VIRT ", .description = "Total program size in virtual memory", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_RESIDENT] = { .name = "M_RESIDENT", .title = "  RES ", .description = "Resident set size, size of the text and data sections, plus stack usage", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_SHARE] = { .name = "M_SHARE", .title = "  SHR ", .description = "Size of the process's shared pages", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_TRS] = { .name = "M_TRS", .title = " CODE ", .description = "Size of the text segment of the process", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_DRS] = { .name = "M_DRS", .title = " DATA ", .description = "Size of the data segment plus stack usage of the process", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_LRS] = { .name = "M_LRS", .title = "  LIB ", .description = "The library size of the process (unused since Linux 2.6; always 0)", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_DT] = { .name = "M_DT", .title = " DIRTY ", .description = "Size of the dirty pages of the process (unused since Linux 2.6; always 0)", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [ST_UID] = { .name = "ST_UID", .title = "  UID ", .description = "User ID of the process owner", .flags = 0, },
+   [PERCENT_CPU] = { .name = "PERCENT_CPU", .title = "CPU% ", .description = "Percentage of the CPU time the process used in the last sampling", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PERCENT_NORM_CPU] = { .name = "PERCENT_NORM_CPU", .title = "NCPU%", .description = "Normalized percentage of the CPU time the process used in the last sampling (normalized by cpu count)", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PERCENT_MEM] = { .name = "PERCENT_MEM", .title = "MEM% ", .description = "Percentage of the memory the process is using, based on resident memory size", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [USER] = { .name = "USER", .title = "USER      ", .description = "Username of the process owner (or user ID if name cannot be determined)", .flags = 0, },
+   [TIME] = { .name = "TIME", .title = "  TIME+  ", .description = "Total time the process has spent in user and system time", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [NLWP] = { .name = "NLWP", .title = "NLWP ", .description = "Number of threads in the process", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [TGID] = { .name = "TGID", .title = "TGID", .description = "Thread group ID (i.e. process ID)", .flags = 0, },
+   [RCHAR] = { .name = "RCHAR", .title = "RCHAR ", .description = "Number of bytes the process has read", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [WCHAR] = { .name = "WCHAR", .title = "WCHAR ", .description = "Number of bytes the process has written", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [SYSCR] = { .name = "SYSCR", .title = "  READ_SYSC ", .description = "Number of read(2) syscalls for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [SYSCW] = { .name = "SYSCW", .title = " WRITE_SYSC ", .description = "Number of write(2) syscalls for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [RBYTES] = { .name = "RBYTES", .title = " IO_R ", .description = "Bytes of read(2) I/O for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [WBYTES] = { .name = "WBYTES", .title = " IO_W ", .description = "Bytes of write(2) I/O for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CNCLWB] = { .name = "CNCLWB", .title = " IO_C ", .description = "Bytes of cancelled write(2) I/O", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [IO_READ_RATE] = { .name = "IO_READ_RATE", .title = " DISK READ ", .description = "The I/O rate of read(2) in bytes per second for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [IO_WRITE_RATE] = { .name = "IO_WRITE_RATE", .title = " DISK WRITE ", .description = "The I/O rate of write(2) in bytes per second for the process", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [IO_RATE] = { .name = "IO_RATE", .title = "   DISK R/W ", .description = "Total I/O rate in bytes per second", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_IO, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CGROUP] = { .name = "CGROUP", .title = "    CGROUP ", .description = "Which cgroup the process is in", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_CGROUP, },
+   [OOM] = { .name = "OOM", .title = " OOM ", .description = "OOM (Out-of-Memory) killer score", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_OOM, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PERCENT_CPU_DELAY] = { .name = "PERCENT_CPU_DELAY", .title = "CPUD% ", .description = "CPU delay %", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PERCENT_IO_DELAY] = { .name = "PERCENT_IO_DELAY", .title = "IOD% ", .description = "Block I/O delay %", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [PERCENT_SWAP_DELAY] = { .name = "PERCENT_SWAP_DELAY", .title = "SWAPD% ", .description = "Swapin delay %", .flags = 0, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_PSS] = { .name = "M_PSS", .title = "  PSS ", .description = "proportional set size, same as M_RESIDENT but each page is divided by the number of processes sharing it.", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_SMAPS, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_SWAP] = { .name = "M_SWAP", .title = " SWAP ", .description = "Size of the process's swapped pages", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_SMAPS, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [M_PSSWP] = { .name = "M_PSSWP", .title = " PSSWP ", .description = "shows proportional swap share of this mapping, Unlike \"Swap\", this does not take into account swapped out page of underlying shmem objects.", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_SMAPS, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [CTXT] = { .name = "CTXT", .title = " CTXT ", .description = "Context switches (incremental sum of voluntary_ctxt_switches and nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches)", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_CTXT, .defaultSortDesc = true, },
+   [SECATTR] = { .name = "SECATTR", .title = " Security Attribute ", .description = "Security attribute of the process (e.g. SELinux or AppArmor)", .flags = PROCESS_FLAG_LINUX_SECATTR, },
+   [PROC_COMM] = { .name = "COMM", .title = "COMM            ", .description = "comm string of the process from /proc/[pid]/comm", .flags = 0, },
+};
+
+/* This function returns the string displayed in Command column, so that sorting
+ * happens on what is displayed - whether comm, full path, basename, etc.. So
+ * this follows PCPProcess_writeField(COMM) and PCPProcess_writeCommand */
+static const char* PCPProcess_getCommandStr(const Process *this) {
+   const PCPProcess *pp = (const PCPProcess *)this;
+   if ((Process_isUserlandThread(this) && this->settings->showThreadNames) || !pp->mergedCommand.str) {
+      return this->comm;
+   }
+   return pp->mergedCommand.str;
+}
+
+Process* PCPProcess_new(const Settings* settings) {
+   PCPProcess* this = xCalloc(1, sizeof(PCPProcess));
+   Object_setClass(this, Class(PCPProcess));
+   Process_init(&this->super, settings);
+   return &this->super;
+}
+
+void Process_delete(Object* cast) {
+   PCPProcess* this = (PCPProcess*) cast;
+   Process_done((Process*)cast);
+   free(this->cgroup);
+   free(this->secattr);
+   free(this->ttyDevice);
+   free(this->procComm);
+   free(this->mergedCommand.str);
+   free(this);
+}
+
+static void PCPProcess_printDelay(float delay_percent, char* buffer, int n) {
+   if (isnan(delay_percent)) {
+      xSnprintf(buffer, n, " N/A  ");
+   } else {
+      xSnprintf(buffer, n, "%4.1f  ", delay_percent);
+   }
+}
+
+/*
+TASK_COMM_LEN is defined to be 16 for /proc/[pid]/comm in man proc(5), but is
+not available in an userspace header - so define it. Note: when colorizing a
+basename with the comm prefix, the entire basename (not just the comm prefix)
+is colorized for better readability, and it is implicit that only up to
+(TASK_COMM_LEN - 1) could be comm.
+*/
+#define TASK_COMM_LEN 16
+
+/*
+This function makes the merged Command string. It also stores the offsets of
+the basename, comm w.r.t the merged Command string - these offsets will be used
+by PCPProcess_writeCommand() for coloring. The merged Command string is also
+returned by PCPProcess_getCommandStr() for searching, sorting and filtering.
+*/
+void PCPProcess_makeCommandStr(Process* this) {
+   PCPProcess *pp = (PCPProcess *)this;
+   PCPProcessMergedCommand *mc = &pp->mergedCommand;
+
+   bool showMergedCommand = this->settings->showMergedCommand;
+   bool showProgramPath = this->settings->showProgramPath;
+   bool searchCommInCmdline = this->settings->findCommInCmdline;
+
+   /* pp->mergedCommand.str needs updating only if its state or contents
+    * changed.  Its content is based on the fields cmdline and comm. */
+   if (
+      mc->prevMergeSet == showMergedCommand &&
+      mc->prevPathSet == showProgramPath &&
+      mc->prevCommSet == searchCommInCmdline &&
+      !mc->cmdlineChanged &&
+      !mc->commChanged
+   ) {
+      return;
+   }
+
+   /* The field separtor "│" has been chosen such that it will not match any
+    * valid string used for searching or filtering */
+   const char *SEPARATOR = CRT_treeStr[TREE_STR_VERT];
+   const int SEPARATOR_LEN = strlen(SEPARATOR);
+
+   /* Check for any changed fields since we last built this string */
+   if (mc->cmdlineChanged || mc->commChanged) {
+      free(mc->str);
+      /* Accommodate the column text, two field separators and terminating NUL */
+      mc->str = xCalloc(1, mc->maxLen + 2*SEPARATOR_LEN + 1);
+   }
+
+   /* Preserve the settings used in this run */
+   mc->prevMergeSet = showMergedCommand;
+   mc->prevPathSet = showProgramPath;
+   mc->prevCommSet = searchCommInCmdline;
+
+   /* Mark everything as unchanged */
+   mc->cmdlineChanged = false;
+   mc->commChanged = false;
+
+   /* Clear any separators */
+   mc->sep1 = 0;
+   mc->sep2 = 0;
+   /* Clear any highlighting locations */
+   mc->baseStart = 0;
+   mc->baseEnd = 0;
+   mc->commStart = 0;
+   mc->commEnd = 0;
+
+   const char *cmdline = this->comm;
+   const char *procComm = pp->procComm;
+
+   char *strStart = mc->str;
+   char *str = strStart;
+
+   int cmdlineBasenameOffset = pp->procCmdlineBasenameOffset;
+   int cmdlineBasenameEnd = pp->procCmdlineBasenameEnd;
+
+   if (!cmdline) {
+      cmdlineBasenameOffset = 0;
+      cmdlineBasenameEnd = 0;
+      cmdline = "(zombie)";
+   }
+
+   assert(cmdlineBasenameOffset >= 0);
+   assert(cmdlineBasenameOffset <= (int)strlen(cmdline));
+
+   if (showMergedCommand && procComm && strlen(procComm)) {   /* Prefix column with comm */
+      if (strncmp(cmdline + cmdlineBasenameOffset, procComm, MINIMUM(TASK_COMM_LEN - 1, strlen(procComm))) != 0) {
+         mc->commStart = 0;
+         mc->commEnd = strlen(procComm);
+
+         str = stpcpy(str, procComm);
+
+         mc->sep1 = str - strStart;
+         str = stpcpy(str, SEPARATOR);
+      }
+   }
+
+   if (showProgramPath) {
+      (void) stpcpy(str, cmdline);
+      mc->baseStart = cmdlineBasenameOffset;
+      mc->baseEnd = cmdlineBasenameEnd;
+   } else {
+      (void) stpcpy(str, cmdline + cmdlineBasenameOffset);
+      mc->baseStart = 0;
+      mc->baseEnd = cmdlineBasenameEnd - cmdlineBasenameOffset;
+   }
+
+   if (mc->sep1) {
+      mc->baseStart += str - strStart - SEPARATOR_LEN + 1;
+      mc->baseEnd += str - strStart - SEPARATOR_LEN + 1;
+   }
+}
+
+static void PCPProcess_writeCommand(const Process* this, int attr, int baseAttr, RichString* str) {
+   const PCPProcess *pp = (const PCPProcess *)this;
+   const PCPProcessMergedCommand *mc = &pp->mergedCommand;
+
+   int strStart = RichString_size(str);
+
+   int baseStart = strStart + pp->mergedCommand.baseStart;
+   int baseEnd = strStart + pp->mergedCommand.baseEnd;
+   int commStart = strStart + pp->mergedCommand.commStart;
+   int commEnd = strStart + pp->mergedCommand.commEnd;
+
+   int commAttr = CRT_colors[Process_isUserlandThread(this) ? PROCESS_THREAD_COMM : PROCESS_COMM];
+
+   bool highlightBaseName = this->settings->highlightBaseName;
+
+   RichString_appendWide(str, attr, pp->mergedCommand.str);
+
+   if (pp->mergedCommand.commEnd) {
+      if (!pp->mergedCommand.separateComm && commStart == baseStart && highlightBaseName) {
+         /* If it was matched with binaries basename, make it bold if needed */
+         if (commEnd > baseEnd) {
+            RichString_setAttrn(str, A_BOLD | baseAttr, baseStart, baseEnd - baseStart);
+            RichString_setAttrn(str, A_BOLD | commAttr, baseEnd, commEnd - baseEnd);
+         } else if (commEnd < baseEnd) {
+            RichString_setAttrn(str, A_BOLD | commAttr, commStart, commEnd - commStart);
+            RichString_setAttrn(str, A_BOLD | baseAttr, commEnd, baseEnd - commEnd);
+         } else {
+            // Actually should be highlighted commAttr, but marked baseAttr to reduce visual noise
+            RichString_setAttrn(str, A_BOLD | baseAttr, commStart, commEnd - commStart);
+         }
+
+         baseStart = baseEnd;
+      } else {
+         RichString_setAttrn(str, commAttr, commStart, commEnd - commStart);
+      }
+   }
+
+   if (baseStart < baseEnd && highlightBaseName) {
+      RichString_setAttrn(str, baseAttr, baseStart, baseEnd - baseStart);
+   }
+
+   if (mc->sep1)
+      RichString_setAttrn(str, CRT_colors[FAILED_READ], strStart + mc->sep1, 1);
+   if (mc->sep2)
+      RichString_setAttrn(str, CRT_colors[FAILED_READ], strStart + mc->sep2, 1);
+}
+
+static void PCPProcess_writeCommandField(const Process *this, RichString *str, char *buffer, int n, int attr) {
+   /* This code is from Process_writeField for COMM, but we invoke
+    * PCPProcess_writeCommand to display the full binary path
+    * (or its basename)│/proc/pid/comm│/proc/pid/cmdline */
+   int baseattr = CRT_colors[PROCESS_BASENAME];
+   if (this->settings->highlightThreads && Process_isThread(this)) {
+      attr = CRT_colors[PROCESS_THREAD];
+      baseattr = CRT_colors[PROCESS_THREAD_BASENAME];
+   }
+   if (!this->settings->treeView || this->indent == 0) {
+      PCPProcess_writeCommand(this, attr, baseattr, str);
+   } else {
+      char* buf = buffer;
+      int maxIndent = 0;
+      bool lastItem = (this->indent < 0);
+      int indent = (this->indent < 0 ? -this->indent : this->indent);
+      int vertLen = strlen(CRT_treeStr[TREE_STR_VERT]);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+         if (indent & (1U << i)) {
+            maxIndent = i+1;
+         }
+      }
+      for (int i = 0; i < maxIndent - 1; i++) {
+         if (indent & (1 << i)) {
+            if (buf - buffer + (vertLen + 3) > n) {
+               break;
+            }
+            buf = stpcpy(buf, CRT_treeStr[TREE_STR_VERT]);
+            buf = stpcpy(buf, "  ");
+         } else {
+            if (buf - buffer + 4 > n) {
+               break;
+            }
+            buf = stpcpy(buf, "   ");
+         }
+      }
+
+      n -= (buf - buffer);
+      const char* draw = CRT_treeStr[lastItem ? TREE_STR_BEND : TREE_STR_RTEE];
+      xSnprintf(buf, n, "%s%s ", draw, this->showChildren ? CRT_treeStr[TREE_STR_SHUT] : CRT_treeStr[TREE_STR_OPEN] );
+      RichString_appendWide(str, CRT_colors[PROCESS_TREE], buffer);
+      PCPProcess_writeCommand(this, attr, baseattr, str);
+   }
+}
+
+static void PCPProcess_writeField(const Process* this, RichString* str, ProcessField field) {
+   const PCPProcess* pp = (const PCPProcess*) this;
+   bool coloring = this->settings->highlightMegabytes;
+   char buffer[256]; buffer[255] = '\0';
+   int attr = CRT_colors[DEFAULT_COLOR];
+   int n = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
+   switch ((int)field) {
+   case TTY_NR:
+      if (pp->ttyDevice) {
+         xSnprintf(buffer, n, "%-8s", pp->ttyDevice + 5 /* skip "/dev/" */);
+	 break;
+      }
+      Process_writeField(this, str, field);
+      break;
+   case CMINFLT: Process_colorNumber(str, pp->cminflt, coloring); return;
+   case CMAJFLT: Process_colorNumber(str, pp->cmajflt, coloring); return;
+   case M_DRS: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_drs, coloring); return;
+   case M_DT: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_dt, coloring); return;
+   case M_LRS: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_lrs, coloring); return;
+   case M_TRS: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_trs, coloring); return;
+   case M_SHARE: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_share, coloring); return;
+   case M_PSS: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_pss, coloring); return;
+   case M_SWAP: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_swap, coloring); return;
+   case M_PSSWP: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->m_psswp, coloring); return;
+   case UTIME: Process_printTime(str, pp->utime); return;
+   case STIME: Process_printTime(str, pp->stime); return;
+   case CUTIME: Process_printTime(str, pp->cutime); return;
+   case CSTIME: Process_printTime(str, pp->cstime); return;
+   case RCHAR:  Process_humanNumber(str, pp->io_rchar, coloring); return;
+   case WCHAR:  Process_humanNumber(str, pp->io_wchar, coloring); return;
+   case SYSCR:  Process_colorNumber(str, pp->io_syscr, coloring); return;
+   case SYSCW:  Process_colorNumber(str, pp->io_syscw, coloring); return;
+   case RBYTES: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->io_read_bytes, coloring); return;
+   case WBYTES: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->io_write_bytes, coloring); return;
+   case CNCLWB: Process_humanNumber(str, pp->io_cancelled_write_bytes, coloring); return;
+   case IO_READ_RATE:  Process_outputRate(str, buffer, n, pp->io_rate_read_bps, coloring); return;
+   case IO_WRITE_RATE: Process_outputRate(str, buffer, n, pp->io_rate_write_bps, coloring); return;
+   case IO_RATE: {
+      double totalRate = NAN;
+      if (!isnan(pp->io_rate_read_bps) && !isnan(pp->io_rate_write_bps))
+         totalRate = pp->io_rate_read_bps + pp->io_rate_write_bps;
+      else if (!isnan(pp->io_rate_read_bps))
+         totalRate = pp->io_rate_read_bps;
+      else if (!isnan(pp->io_rate_write_bps))
+         totalRate = pp->io_rate_write_bps;
+      else
+         totalRate = NAN;
+      Process_outputRate(str, buffer, n, totalRate, coloring); return;
+   }
+   case CGROUP: xSnprintf(buffer, n, "%-10s ", pp->cgroup ? pp->cgroup : ""); break;
+   case OOM: xSnprintf(buffer, n, "%4u ", pp->oom); break;
+   case PERCENT_CPU_DELAY:
+      PCPProcess_printDelay(pp->cpu_delay_percent, buffer, n);
+      break;
+   case PERCENT_IO_DELAY:
+      PCPProcess_printDelay(pp->blkio_delay_percent, buffer, n);
+      break;
+   case PERCENT_SWAP_DELAY:
+      PCPProcess_printDelay(pp->swapin_delay_percent, buffer, n);
+      break;
+   case CTXT:
+      if (pp->ctxt_diff > 1000) {
+         attr |= A_BOLD;
+      }
+      xSnprintf(buffer, n, "%5lu ", pp->ctxt_diff);
+      break;
+   case SECATTR: snprintf(buffer, n, "%-30s   ", pp->secattr ? pp->secattr : "?"); break;
+   case COMM: {
+      if ((Process_isUserlandThread(this) && this->settings->showThreadNames) || !pp->mergedCommand.str) {
+         Process_writeField(this, str, field);
+      } else {
+         PCPProcess_writeCommandField(this, str, buffer, n, attr);
+      }
+      return;
+   }
+   case PROC_COMM: {
+      const char* procComm;
+      if (pp->procComm) {
+         attr = CRT_colors[Process_isUserlandThread(this) ? PROCESS_THREAD_COMM : PROCESS_COMM];
+         procComm = pp->procComm;
+      } else {
+         attr = CRT_colors[PROCESS_SHADOW];
+         procComm = Process_isKernelThread(this) ? kthreadID : "N/A";
+      }
+      /* 15 being (TASK_COMM_LEN - 1) */
+      Process_printLeftAlignedField(str, attr, procComm, 15);
+      return;
+   }
+   default:
+      Process_writeField(this, str, field);
+      return;
+   }
+   RichString_appendWide(str, attr, buffer);
+}
+
+static double adjustNaN(double num) {
+   if (isnan(num))
+      return -0.0005;
+
+   return num;
+}
+
+static int PCPProcess_compareByKey(const Process* v1, const Process* v2, ProcessField key) {
+   const PCPProcess* p1 = (const PCPProcess*)v1;
+   const PCPProcess* p2 = (const PCPProcess*)v2;
+
+   switch (key) {
+   case M_DRS:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_drs, p2->m_drs);
+   case M_DT:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_dt, p2->m_dt);
+   case M_LRS:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_lrs, p2->m_lrs);
+   case M_TRS:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_trs, p2->m_trs);
+   case M_SHARE:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_share, p2->m_share);
+   case M_PSS:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_pss, p2->m_pss);
+   case M_SWAP:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_swap, p2->m_swap);
+   case M_PSSWP:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->m_psswp, p2->m_psswp);
+   case UTIME:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->utime, p2->utime);
+   case CUTIME:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->cutime, p2->cutime);
+   case STIME:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->stime, p2->stime);
+   case CSTIME:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->cstime, p2->cstime);
+   case RCHAR:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_rchar, p2->io_rchar);
+   case WCHAR:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_wchar, p2->io_wchar);
+   case SYSCR:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_syscr, p2->io_syscr);
+   case SYSCW:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_syscw, p2->io_syscw);
+   case RBYTES:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_read_bytes, p2->io_read_bytes);
+   case WBYTES:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_write_bytes, p2->io_write_bytes);
+   case CNCLWB:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->io_cancelled_write_bytes, p2->io_cancelled_write_bytes);
+   case IO_READ_RATE:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(adjustNaN(p1->io_rate_read_bps), adjustNaN(p2->io_rate_read_bps));
+   case IO_WRITE_RATE:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(adjustNaN(p1->io_rate_write_bps), adjustNaN(p2->io_rate_write_bps));
+   case IO_RATE:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(adjustNaN(p1->io_rate_read_bps) + adjustNaN(p1->io_rate_write_bps), adjustNaN(p2->io_rate_read_bps) + adjustNaN(p2->io_rate_write_bps));
+   case CGROUP:
+      return SPACESHIP_NULLSTR(p1->cgroup, p2->cgroup);
+   case OOM:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->oom, p1->oom);
+   case PERCENT_CPU_DELAY:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->cpu_delay_percent, p1->cpu_delay_percent);
+   case PERCENT_IO_DELAY:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->blkio_delay_percent, p1->blkio_delay_percent);
+   case PERCENT_SWAP_DELAY:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->swapin_delay_percent, p1->swapin_delay_percent);
+   case CTXT:
+      return SPACESHIP_NUMBER(p1->ctxt_diff, p1->ctxt_diff);
+   case SECATTR:
+      return SPACESHIP_NULLSTR(p1->secattr, p2->secattr);
+   case PROC_COMM: {
+      const char *comm1 = p1->procComm ? p1->procComm : (Process_isKernelThread(v1) ? kthreadID : "");
+      const char *comm2 = p2->procComm ? p2->procComm : (Process_isKernelThread(v2) ? kthreadID : "");
+      return strcmp(comm1, comm2);
+   }
+   default:
+      return Process_compareByKey_Base(v1, v2, key);
+   }
+}
+
+bool Process_isThread(const Process* this) {
+   return (Process_isUserlandThread(this) || Process_isKernelThread(this));
+}
+
+const ProcessClass PCPProcess_class = {
+   .super = {
+      .extends = Class(Process),
+      .display = Process_display,
+      .delete = Process_delete,
+      .compare = Process_compare
+   },
+   .writeField = PCPProcess_writeField,
+   .getCommandStr = PCPProcess_getCommandStr,
+   .compareByKey = PCPProcess_compareByKey
+};